重大开发试验实践及启示

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2019.02.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为实现开发方式转变和寻找战略性接替技术，2005 年中国石油天然气股份有限公司启动了重大开发试验工程，目前已在14 家油田开展了50 项矿场试验项目。10 多年的持续探索实践形成了4 点认识：一是重大开发试验是油田开发领域战略性探索工程，是科技攻关成果向大规模生产力转化的关键环节，体现了油田开发技术的主要发展方向；二是全生命周期项目管理有助于写实项目全过程，整合力量，保障项目优质高效运行，加快工业化推广进程；三是秉承细节决定成败的工作理念，严守试验秩序，狠抓过程管理，建章立制，使日常管理有规可依、有章可循；四是注重典型试验的精细解剖，系统总结油田开发规律、驱油机理，为工业化推广做好各项准备工作。重大开发试验工程创新和发展了一批拥有独立自主知识产权的先进技术，长庆油田超低渗透油藏开发、大庆油田三元复合驱、辽河和新疆油田超稠油蒸汽辅助重力泄油和稠油火驱、吉林油田CO2 驱等技术已进入工业化生产，2018 年产油达1600×104t 以上；减氧空气驱、天然气混相驱和中低渗透油藏二元复合驱试验取得了重大突破，“十四五”期间有望工业化推广，年产量预计保持在2000×104t 规模，将为公司上游业务加快发展做出新贡献。

关键词: 油气田开发, 重大开发试验, 工业化应用, 管理模式, 全生命周期, 典型解剖, 单井产量, 采收率

Abstract: In 2005, PetroChina kicked off an important development experiment plan for the purpose to bring about transformation of development pattern and seek strategic substitute technology. Currently, 50 on-the-site experiment projects have been executed in 14 oilfields. There are four viewpoints shaped in the tenacious efforts and practice of more than 10 years. First of all, important development experiment is a strategic trial project for oilfield development and the key link for transformation of technological research achievements into large-scale production power. It reflects the main development orientation of oilfield development technology. Secondly, project management over the full life cycle can assure high-quality and effective operation of the project and accelerate the industrialization process. Thirdly, the working conception of “success depends on details” is pursued in practice to strictly keep the experiment procedures and focus on the process management, with the rules and regulations established. The daily management is based on those rules and regulations. Fourthly, importance is attached to in-depth analysis of typical experiments and systematic summing up of oilfield development laws and oil-flooding mechanisms, making preparations for industrialization.A series of advanced technologies, with independent intellectual property rights, have been innovated and developed in the important development experiment projects. Some technologies have been brought under industrialization, such as super-low permeability oil reservoir development in Changqing Oilfield, ASP flooding in Daqing Oilfield, steam-assisted gravity drainage of super heavy oil and heavy oil fire drive in Liaohe Oilfield and Xinjiang Oilfield, and CO2-drive of Jilin Oilfield, with the annual oil production exceeding 1600×104t in 2018. Significant breakthroughs have been made in hypoxic air flooding, miscible displacement of natural gas and binary compound flooding for middle and low permeable oil reservoirs. Those technologies are hopeful to be industrialized in the 14th Five-year Plan Period. The annual production is estimated to be kept at 2000×104t, making new contributions for acceleration of the company’s upstream business development.

中图分类号:

廖广志　王连刚　王正茂. 重大开发试验实践及启示[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2019, 38(2): 1-10.

Liao Guangzhi, Wang Liangang, Wang Zhengmao. Practice and Reflection of Important Development Experiments[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology Forum, 2019, 38(2): 1-10.

参考文献

[1] 胡文瑞. 论老油田实施二次开发工程的必要性与可行性[J]. 石油勘探与开发,2008,35(1):1-5. Hu Wenrui. Necessity and feasibility of PetroChina mature field redevelopment[J]. Petroleum Exploration & Development,2008, 35(1):1-5.
[2] 韩大匡. 中国油气田开发现状、面临的挑战和技术发展方向[J]. 中国工程科学,2010,12(5):51-57. Han Dakuang. Status and challenges for oil and gas field development in China and directions for the development of corresponding technologies[J]. Strategic Study of ACE,2010, 12(5):51-57.
[3] 王乃举, 等. 中国油藏开发模式·总论[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社,1999:59-73. Wang Naiju, et al. Oil reservoir development model(General introduction)[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press,1999:59-73.
[4] 《中国油气田开发志》总编纂委员会.中国油气田开发志（综合卷上)[M] 北京: 石油工业出版社,2011:4-5. Compilation Committee. China oil & gas field development atlas (Upper part of general volume) [M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2011:4-5.
[5] 中国石油勘探与生产分公司. 中国石油二次开发技术与实践 (2008—2010 年)[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社,2012:3-31, 308-318. PetroChina Exploration & Production Company. CNPC secondary development technology & practice (2008-2010)[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2012:3-31,308-318.
[6] 何江川, 廖广志, 王正茂. 油田开发战略与接替技术[J]. 石油学报,2012,33(3):519-525. He Jiangchuan, Liao Guangzhi, Wang Zhengmao. Oilfield development strategy and replacement techniques[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2012, 33(3): 519-525.
[7] 王德民, 程杰成, 吴军政, 等. 聚合物驱油技术在大庆油田的应用[J]. 石油学报,2005,26(1):74-78. Wang Demin, Cheng Jiecheng, Wu Junzheng, et al. Application of polymer flooding technology in Daqing Oilfield[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2005, 26(1): 74-78.
[8] 王正茂, 廖广志. 长庆油田低渗透油藏三次采油意义及发展方向[J]. 低渗透油气田,2010,15(3-4):81-85. Wang Zhengmao, Liao Guangzhi. Significance and development orientation of low-permeability reservoir tertiary oil production in Changqing Oilfield[J]. Low Permeability Oil & Gas Fields,2010, 15(3-4):81-85.
[9] 张义堂. 热力采油提高采收率技术[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社,2006. Zhang Yitang. Heat oil production EOR technology[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press,2006.
[10] 张守军. 超稠油注空气强化采油实验研究及现场应用—— 以曙光油田杜80块为例[J].特种油气藏,2012,19(5):143-145. Zhang Shoujun. Experimental study on oil production by air injection for extra heavy oil reservoirs and its field application[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs,2012,19(5):143-145.
[11] 廖广志, 马德胜, 王正茂, 等. 油田开发重大试验实践与认识[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社,2018. Liao Guangzhi, Ma Desheng, Wang Zhengmao, et al. Practice and understanding of important oilfield development experiments[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press,2018.
[12] 刘斌,许艳.化学驱项目全生命周期效益评价体系及应用[J]. 石油科技论坛,2016,35(2):18-23. Liu Bin, Xu Yan. Evaluation system for economic performance of chemical flooding project in its full service life period[J]. Oil Forum, 2016, 35(2): 18-23.

[1]	蒋焕欢　张洁　杜婕妤　韩冰　袁国辉　谢波　王涛　于越　卢锴. 石油企业内部矿权流转区块高效勘探开发创新实践[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2021, 40(5): 73-78.
[2]	袁士义　王强　李军诗　高明　韩海水. 提高采收率技术创新支撑我国原油产量长期稳产[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2021, 40(3): 24-32.
[3]	王凤兰　由春梅　陈宝玉. “产学研”联合攻关破解特高含水老油田提高采收率难题[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2021, 40(3): 118-123.
[4]	冯斌　王锋　梁栋　房蕾　任群芳. 胜利油田“三位一体”科技管理模式创新探索[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2021, 40(2): 35-38.
[5]	杨忠文　赵明　张锦刚　张毅　苏建科　常永乐. 连续管产品制造延伸服务模式实践与认识[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2020, 39(2): 72-76.
[6]	杨金华　李晓光　孙乃达　张焕芝　邱茂鑫　焦　姣　侯　亮　张珈铭　郭晓霞　刘知鑫. 未来10年极具发展潜力的20项油气勘探开发新技术[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2019, 38(1): 38-48.
[7]	刘　合. 采油工程持续融合创新管理与实践[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2018, 37(5): 1-8.
[8]	廖　晋　金云智　吴迅达　梁　豪. 海上油气勘探目标全生命周期管理创新与实践[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2018, 37(5): 9-13.
[9]	程万洲　王巨洪　王学力　王　新. 我国智慧管道建设现状及关键技术探讨[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2018, 37(3): 34-40.
[10]	艾月乔　贾立东　王禹钦　陈瑞波. 输油气站场区域化管理创新与实践[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2018, 37(2): 23-27.
[11]	王雪松. 项目管理知识体系在石油企业科技项目管理中的应用研究[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2018, 37(1): 10-13.
[12]	邹晓琴　王　丹　杨　丹　曾　诚. 基于能源革命的天然气产业发展及其市场化路径[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2017, 36(6): 1-4.
[13]	胡强法　张友军　路彦森　陈　智　万有余　陈柯桦　张　炎. 连续管水射流钻径向井技术先导试验与推广建议[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2017, 36(5): 60-67.
[14]	汪凯明. 国家油气开发重大专项管理工作思考与建议[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2017, 36(4): 15-20.
[15]	辜　穗　李林洪　周小玲　黄　媚　李　蒲　王秀英. 天然气科技创新战略绩效管理——以西南油气田为例[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2017, 36(4): 26-30.