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05 November 2021, Volume 40 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Research and Contemplation on How to Build Old Oilfields into Digital Intelligent Ones-- Take Dagang Oilfield for Example Zhao Xianzheng, Wang Hongyu, Liu Jichao, Lai Jishun 2021, 40(5): 1-8.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2021.05.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (2252KB) ( )   The digital upsurge is profoundly influencing and restructuring global industrial pattern thanks to extensive application of such technologies as artificial intelligence, block chains, cloud computing, big data and edge computing. To consolidate their positions in the future energy world, the old oilfields should keep themselves with the digital tide and make efforts for construction of digital and intelligent oilfields, accelerating their transformation and upgrading for high-quality development. Dagang Oilfield has taken the following measures in its efforts for construction of digital and intelligent oilfield: (1) It made the plans in advance and optimized the top-level design. Oriented at the problems and based on the “421” planning principle (namely ecological configuration at four levels, two security systems and one development prospect), the oilfield clarified the general goal – the ecologically operating system of the digital and intelligent oilfield characterized in digitalization, automation, integration,free from paper, intelligence and flatness. (2) It made the detailed implementation plans and optimized the operation situation, including the intelligence-study situation synergize exploration and development, the intelligence controlling situation for on-the-site services, the intelligence regulating situation for production and operation, and the intelligence analyzing situation for making business decisions, while identifying the implementation route, locating the projects for implementation and consolidating the data basis. (3) The oilfield kept itself abreast of the times enhanced the driving force for innovation. It continually strengthened the efforts for application of new technology, development of independent products, and innovation of management pattern. It took a series of measures in preparation for organization, mechanism, fund and talents, thus promoting information progress and injecting vigor and energy into the old oilfield for solving new problems, making new breakthroughs and bringing about new development in the new times.

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Standardization Promotes Self-reliance of China’s Well Logging Technology Hu Qiyue 2021, 40(5): 9-16.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2021.05.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (1975KB) ( )   Standardization is an effective tool to improve the company’s management and an important integral part of its core competitiveness. Currently, energy transformation, restructuring and innovation of enterprises, and technological self-reliance urgently call for acceleration, construction and perfection of a high-quality system of standards. Based on construction of the standards system and focusing on formulation and revision of the standards, the well logging industry has spared no efforts to promote construction of the instrument calibration system in recent years, formulated and revised a total of 235 petroleum well logging industrial standards, including 87 standards currently in effect and 16 standards related to traceability and calibration. These standards improving service quality and performance of the new logging industrial technology and satisfying the demands of oilfields for higher quality, higher velocity, higher production and higher efficiency. The company also proposed “formulation of standards in advance, co-construction and sharing for a win-win goal, and establishment of China’s petroleum logging ecological circle”. It pointed out that the well logging work should be based on the standards and driven by innovation to consolidate the conception of system. It is necessary to take advantage of the domestic circulation and the internal and international dual circulation comparation, improve internationalization of the standards and promote self-reliance and rapid development of China’s well logging industrial technology.

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Contemplation and Suggestions on Further Perfection of China’s Petroleum Industrial Standards and Authentication System Construction Liu Yaxu, She Weijun, Qin Changyi, Du Wei, Xu Xiaofeng 2021, 40(5): 17-21.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2021.05.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (1696KB) ( )   Competition for standard is an important form for competition among nations and for markets in the 21st century. China still falls behind foreign countries in terms of the standard systems though the nation has made the remarkable achievements in construction of its petroleum industrial standards system. In addition, China is highly dependent on the advanced foreign standards, causing the potential risks and uncertainty for the country’s petroleum industrial development. To safeguard the security of China’s petroleum industry and bring about a high-quality development, China needs to accelerate perfection of its petroleum industrial standards and authentication system construction while borrowing the development experiences from the American Petroleum Institute. Taking the opportunity of the Belt and Road Initiative, the Chinese petroleum industry should accelerate the internationalization process of standards and authentication system, thus helping the products and services of petroleum equipment make their presence on the international market.

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The perspective of China’s oil and gas in the Energy Transition Zhang Kang, Zhang Liqin 2021, 40(5): 22-33.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2021.05.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (4504KB) ( )   To discuss the status of China’s oil and gas in the energy structure during the energy transition under the goal of “carbon peak and carbon neutrality”, firstly its development trend in recent years is analyzed. Judging from the changes in reserves in the past 10 years, the newly added petroleum geological reserves and economically recoverable reserves have a tendency to become smaller. This has led to a reserve replacement factor of less than 1 for many years, which in turn caused annual oil production to decline to less than 200 million tons from 2015. Further analysis of the undeveloped rate of reserves reveals that about 10%-12% of the economically recoverable reserves on the reserve table are actually unrecoverable under current conditions. Correspondingly, the true reserve-to-production ratio has also fallen below the stable production threshold of 10. China’s natural gas is still on the first half of the growth curve, and the growth trend is becoming gentle, the problem that some economically recoverable reserves are actually unrecoverable still exists. In short, the research on the status of oil and gas shows that if the strategic is not achieved in time to increase the proven recoverable reserves, in the near and mid-term future, China’s oil production, and then natural gas production will not be stable, or even possibly decline rapidly. Based on the energy demands and its composition forecasts under the constraints of carbon emission reduction, the authors analyze the demand of oil and gas at the middle of this century. Being the best partner of non-fossil energy natural gas plays a transitional and bridge role in the energy transition. In order to meet this demand, it is necessary to strengthen oil and gas exploration and launch the third strategic shift to open up new areas and new realms.

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Research and Practice from Using Target Cost Control Method for Detailed Management of Well Engineering Projects Si Guang, Liu Wentao, Ding Danhong, Zhang Yunyi, Jiang Xuemei, Yuan Chunhua, Ji Wenzhen 2021, 40(5): 34-42.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2021.05.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (2185KB) ( )   To control investment for oil and gas wells for cost-effectiveness, improve performance of exploration and development, and bring about the company’s high-quality development, the target cost control methods and the value analysis principle were introduced under guidance of the market economic principles. The purpose was to test the investment control method for oil and gas well projects and establish the “6+4” operating model. This investment control system covers the full process of the project, such as decision making, design, invitation of bids, construction and completion. It includes six links of target cost control – formulation, optimization, decomposition, execution, control and analysis, covering four related assurance mechanisms of market, general contracting, early warning and incentive as well as the relative information assurance measures. Orienting at economic performance, the economic indexes were used to guide and restrict the technological indexes to bring about detailed management of all the links in the full process of the project, providing the new mindset for management of oil and gas projects. As the result, the reliable data can be provided for the company to control investment and applied in examination of the investment for the company’s key projects. The reduction rate of investment based on examination exceeded 10 percent, promoting construction of the company’s cost-related big data. The prizing module of drilling engineering list was already used for estimation and management of investment for the risk wells in Tarim Oilfield and Southwest Oil and Gas Field. The method also optimized the plan to keep shale gas production stable at Changning in Southwest China, thus providing technological support for efficient production of unconventional oil and gas resources under the low oil price situation.

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Research on Application and Evaluation of Company’s Benchmark Scientific Instruments and Equipment Fan Xianghong, Niu Liquan, Jiang Huaiyou, Fu Xiaoqing, Li Xi, Dong Hua 2021, 40(5): 43-47.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2021.05.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (2073KB) ( )   The role and application performance of scientific research instruments and equipment draw a great attention from the State and industry. The national and local governments, universities, and enterprises have formulated the relative management methods and rules for procurement, application and evaluation of scientific research instruments and equipment. Taking into account the evaluation and examination requirements on deregulation and sharing of the State key basic facilities and large-scale instruments for scientific research, this paper makes a statistical analysis of using scientific research instruments and equipment owned by CNPC at its key laboratories and experiment bases. It proposes that the typical scientific research instruments and equipment should be in line with the company’s characteristics and meet the demands for specialization, high value, high sophistication, characteristic testing and experimental functions. Focusing on 215 sets of typical scientific research instruments and equipment, this paper comes up with the relative evaluation methods and indexes and make trial evaluation on them. Based on the problems existing in management of the company’s typical scientific research instruments and equipment, it also makes some suggestions on purchase, application, sharing and operational expense of scientific research instruments and equipment, thus helping the company’s technological management department make decisions in the related areas.

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Construction and Management of Overseas Technological Institutions by International Oilfield Service Companies Xiao Feng, Fu Yi, Yuan Lei, Zhang Yundong 2021, 40(5): 48-54.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2021.05.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (1974KB) ( )   Establishment of overseas technological institutions is one of the important ways for oilfield service companies to carry out their global development strategy. This paper uses the literature survey method to compare the characteristics, construction motivations and methods, and operational management model of the overseas technological institutions from three major international oilfield service companies – Schlumberger, Halliburton and Baker Hughes. All of the three companies established a number of technological institutions overseas in consideration of market, policies and technological resources. Most of the institutions were distributed in developed manufacturers and near the oil-producing regions. The companies adopted the flexible model of independent construction, co-construction and acquisition. Co-construction included three kinds of construction – collaboration with customers, local scientific research institutes and the governments. The paper gives some examples to specify the unique methods for organization of scientific research activities, personnel management and structural adjustment. The domestic oilfield services companies can borrow the successful experiences from their foreign counterparts to establish their own overseas technological institutions so that they can lay a solid foundation for their global business operation.

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Optical Sensing Promotes Intelligence, Innovation and Development of Reservoir Geophysical Technology Gou Liang, Zhang Shaohua, Yu Gang, Wang Ximing, An Shujie, Wu Junjun, Chen Yuanzhong 2021, 40(5): 55-64.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2021.05.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (5995KB) ( )   Focusing on problems such as evaluation of oil and gas reservoirs, oil and gas field development, how to find residual and bypassed oil and gas, and how to improve EOR, the distributed optical sensing was applied on a large scale to acquire surface and borehole seismic data, collect real-time oil and gas reservoir parameters and dynamic production data of oil and gas wells for intelligent processing, and realize intelligent description, simulation and monitoring of oil and gas reservoirs, thus optimizing and adjusting the oil and gas reservoir development plan and searching for the remaining oil and gas reserves. The ultimate goal is to improve the recovery rate of oil and gas reservoirs. The optical fiber intelligent reservoir geophysical technique, based on the distributed optical fiber sensing and armored optical cable deployed inside the production boreholes or the horizontal wells of the reservoirs, can directly sense the acoustic wave, temperature, pressure, strain, fluid type and other parameters of the oil and gas reservoirs to bring about intelligent description and monitoring of the overall oil and gas reservoir. The uDAS? seismograph based on φ-OTDR DAS technique and its systematic borehole seismic data acquisition equipment, developed mainly by BGP Inc. in recent years, has promoted extensive application of the latest technologies in most of the domestic oilfields, such as DAS-VSP(optical fiber borehole seismic) survey, joint borehole-surface 3D seismic exploration, hydraulic fracturing microseismic monitoring and precise reservoir renovation engineering monitoring, and downhole long-term dynamic monitoring, fueling innovation and significant development of intelligent optical fiber reservoir geophysical technique.

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Progress in Oil and Gas Wellbore Engineering Data Platform Technology and Suggestions on In-depth Application of Data Hu Gui, Cui Mingyue, Tao Ye, Huang Xueqin, Zhang Guohui, Shi Libao 2021, 40(5): 65-72.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2021.05.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (2057KB) ( )   As the oil and gas wellbore engineering technology becomes highly efficient, visualized, digitalized, automated, intelligent and integrated, a large quantity of the wellbore engineering data is accumulated at the present time, but more efforts are still needed for in-depth application of those data. Application of the oil and gas wellbore engineering data is divided into four levels – concentrated acquisition, display and description, analysis and application, and intelligent in-depth application. In-depth application of the engineering data still faces a series of challenges, such as imbalanced development of the wellbore databanks, difficulty in in-depth sharing of data, and the barriers for data application. This paper analyzes six main technological demands for in-depth application of the engineering data, namely unified regulation of data, in-depth sharing of data, integration of engineering specialized functions, intelligence of engineering knowledge, engineering rapid evaluation/design/diagnosis/decision-making technology, and openly-configurated data in-depth application platform. It is proposed to study and develop the engineering data in-depth application technology and software platform, establish the data in-depth sharing mechanism, accelerate the automated digitalized service process and enhance development of technological professionals for digital transformation.

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Innovation Practice from Efficient Exploration and Development of Blocks with Mining Rights Transferred within Petroleum Enterprises Jiang Huanhuan, Zhang Jie, Du Jieyu, Han Bing, Yuan Guohui, Xie Bo, Wang Tao, Yu Yue, Lu Kai 2021, 40(5): 73-78.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2021.05.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (2131KB) ( )   PetroChina kicked off the internal transfer of mining rights at an attempt to implement the nation’s important strategy for restructuring the oil and gas system and meet the relative requirements of the minimum exploration investment policy concerning the State mining rights management. To increase the reserves and production and pilot the “oil company” management model for blocks with the mining rights transferred, the Bayanhetao Basin of Huabei Oilfield was selected to adopt the organizational configuration of flatness, the “1+N” employment method and the market-oriented incentive mechanism, establish the market operating mechanism for the blocks with mining rights transferred, unify the internal simulated markets, perfect the price-forming mechanism, promote adoption of the “technology + service” R&D mechanism and deregulate the sharing strategic cooperation model. Based on the efforts to promote exploration-development integration and marketing of production business and perfect the examination and evaluation mechanisms and the relative security measures, the business management model and operating mechanism were established for the blocks with transfer of mining rights, which were available for duplication and extension. The fruitful results were achieved in exploration and development of the Bayanhetao Basin, with the predicted reserves reaching 100 million tons in 2019. The budget indexes for oil producing operating cost per unit dropped more than 50 percent in 2020 as compared to the previous year, setting an example for PetroChina to carry out efficient exploration and development of the blocks with transfer of mining rights.

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Development Process and Enlightenment of Baker Hughes Remote Services Yan Na, Li Qing 2021, 40(5): 79-84.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2021.05.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (1820KB) ( )   Baker Hughes remote services experienced a number of development stages, such as authentication of technological feasibility, exploration of commercial operational model, realization of economic expansion, and mobility and automation. The company has gradually established a sustainable development model in this area. So far as adjustment of the service model was concerned, Baker Hughes focused on the preliminary plan for process adjustment, paid attention to the human factors in changes of service method and promote research and development of remote technology. Remote services of China’s oilfield service companies are still in the initial development stage and face inadequate coverage rate, low data acquisition automation, and low supporting and decision-making intelligence. The experiences of Baker Hughes can be borrowed to enhance the digital development conception, improve the transformation ability, perfect the design of remote center, clarify the duties of remote centers at all levels, promote key technological research, bring about loop automated control over petroleum engineering services, accelerate development of AI technology and improve support capacity for remote services.