Abstract: The global oil and gas market, as a whole, has maintained a good trend since 2017 with international oil prices climbing significantly. Most of petroleum companies have re-positioned themselves for strategic growth. To make an in-depth and comprehensive understanding of those companies’ successful methods and experiences, this study selects 40 companies of three main kinds -- international oil companies, national oil companies and independent oil companies -- as the research targets. Based on comparison of the different kinds and analysis of the typical cases, the study focuses on the development characteristics of those oil companies, such as their business dynamics, development strategy, and optimization of assets portfolio. The study indicates that companies of the different kinds have different development characteristics. International oil companies have a strong momentum for their upstream business growth, leading the industry to resume quickly. National oil companies have their own remarkable development characteristics. They are quite different from one another in business growth owing to shortage of capital. Independent oil companies continually focus on their core businesses with the growth engine coming from their specializations. Oil companies pay more attention to both long-term and short-term objectives for business development and highlight actual economic performance, thus leading to active acquisitions in the upstream sector and outstanding performance in the areas of oil sand, tight oil and gas, and deepwater operations. Meanwhile, oil companies are actively set for natural gas and renewable energy businesses and modernize themselves by means of organizational restructuring.

摘要： 2017 年以来，全球油气市场整体向好的趋势得到延续，国际油价出现大幅回升，多数石油公司重回增 长战略态势，为了深入全面把握油公司的成功做法与经验，本研究选取了国际石油公司、国家石油公司及独立石油公 司三大类共40 家作为研究对象，开展分类对比和典型解剖，深入研究各类油公司在经营动态、方向策略、资产组合 优化等方面的发展特点。研究表明，不同类型公司发展各具特点：国际石油公司上游业务强劲增长，引领行业快速复 苏；国家石油公司发展路径特色显著，资本短缺导致成长分化；独立石油公司持续聚焦核心业务，专业化造就增长动 力。油公司在发展上更加兼顾长远与短期目标、注重实际效益，上游并购活动趋向活跃，在油砂、致密油气、深水等 领域表现突出，同时积极布局天然气与可再生能源业务，通过组织重构保障公司转型升级。

关键词: 国际石油公司, 国家石油公司, 独立油公司, 勘探开发业务, 经营动向, 发展策略