Abstract: International oil price slump plunges the world back into the era of low oil price, exerting a serious impact on the global petroleum industry. Engineering technological service business is also fallen into the “cold winter.” Global investment in oil and gas exploration and development was significantly reduced by more than 25 percent in 2015 as compared to the previous year, leading to a substantial reduction of capital expenditure in engineering technological service business, less amount of workload, idleness of service equipment and surplus of service personnel. Facing a stern challenge, oil majors saw a significant decline in their income and profit and even a serious economic loss. The industry is under a higher concentration. This paper analyzes the business turnover and net profit of the first three quarters of 2015 from five international major onshore drilling contractors, five major offshore drilling contractors and four major oilfield service companies. Facing the impact of low oil prices, the companies within the industry adopted active policies and committed themselves to managerial and technological innovations for cost reduction and benefit boost. They consolidated their market positions by means of acquisitions and mergers, “turning the risks into opportunities.” It can be foreseen that a number of new technology or breakthrough technology for remarkable cost-effectiveness will appear in this round of low oil prices.

摘要： 国际原油价格暴跌，世界重回低油价时代，给世界石油工业带来沉重打击，工程技术服务业步入“寒冬”。 2015 年全球油气勘探开发投资大幅减少，与上一年相比下降25% 以上，导致工程技术服务业资本支出骤降，工作量锐减， 作业装备大量闲置，人员过剩。石油公司经营遭遇严峻挑战，收入与利润大幅减少，甚至严重亏损，行业集中度进一步 提高。具体分析对比了国际五大陆上钻井承包商、五大海上钻井承包商、四大油田服务公司在2015 年前三季度的经营 收入、净利润数据。面对低油价的冲击，业内公司积极采取对策，致力于推动管理创新和技术创新，降本增效，通过公 司并购，巩固市场地位，“化危为机”。可以预见，在本轮低油价时期将出现一批显著降本增效的新技术或颠覆性技术。

关键词: 石油价格, 石油工程技术服务业, 资本支出, 经营收入, 净利润, 技术创新, 降本增效