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25 February 2016, Volume 35 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Managerial Innovation of Petroleum Enterprises during Low Oil Price Period Yu Xiaozhong, Xue Ruixin, Yang Yang 2016, 35(1): 1-5.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2016.01.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (1629KB) ( )   Currently, international oil price remains at a low level. How to get rid of negative influence of low oil price and business difficulties is a problem of great urgency facing oil enterprises at the present time. In three areas of strategic managerial innovation, business managerial innovation and technological innovation, this paper makes analysis of the ways in which the oil enterprises are engaged in managerial innovation during the low oil price period. The study indicates that the oil enterprises should base innovation of their strategy on two aspects during the low oil price period – adjusting the oil industrial chain to optimize business operation and carrying out the multi-element strategy to meet new energy revolution. Business managerial innovation should be focused on organizational transformation, fine management, creation of low carbon culture, reduction of cost and increase of benefit. Technological innovation can depend on the different conditions of the upstream, middle-stream and downstream sectors of the petroleum industrial chain.

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Research on Technological Development Index System of Oil and Gas Pipeline Enterprises Zhang Bin, Gao Shanbu, Zhang Yuzhi, Wang Lele, Zhang Xueqin 2016, 35(1): 6-10.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2016.01.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (1631KB) ( )   Technological development target is at the core of a technological plan and of great significance to the enterprise in the coming years in terms of technological development direction. The index system of technological development target should be constructed in the principles of consistency, adaptability, stability and evaluation. The technological development indexes are established at three levels – national, local and petroleum industrial levels. The adaptability of technological development indexes in the technological development plans of oil and gas pipelines enterprises is analyzed on the basis of a series of factors, such as research investment, creativeness, the influence of technology on economic performance, technological professionals and some other indexes. The technological development index system of oil and gas pipeline enterprises should be formulated in accordance with the characteristics of industrial technological development.

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Research on Quantitative Evaluation Model for Economic Results from Technological Projects of Oil and Gas Field Enterprises Liu Bin, Xu Yan, Liu Jingjie 2016, 35(1): 11-14.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2016.01.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (1615KB) ( )   Focusing on the bottlenecks to quantify the economic results from technological projects of oil and gas field enterprises and analyzing the performance forms of technological results, this paper comes up with the classification method to define technological projects according to “characteristics and properties.” The evaluation models are established on the basis of “the principle for equilibrium between investment and production” proposed in technological economics to quantify the investment returns and economic results of technological projects in seven sub-types of three main categories. The system of evaluation indexes for economic results of technological project is determined at the same time. The normalization model is adopted to order the quantitative economic results of all technological projects on the same platform to increase the comparability of values created from the projects. The research results have been further confirmed as applicable through evaluation of economic results from 48 technological projects launched by a certain enterprise in 2013.

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Management of Research and Production Projects at Various Levels Wu Guangwu, Zhang Yuan, Zhang Peng, Xiang Jianqiong, Shang Yinghua 2016, 35(1): 15-17.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2016.01.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (1290KB) ( )   The research and production projects of CNOOC Research Institute have increased rapidly in recent years, making management of those projects very difficult. The research institute optimized the project management pattern and managed the projects at various levels. The research and production projects were classified into different levels according to project scale, extent of difficulty, source of task and research period so that those projects can be gradually brought under management at various levels instead of concentrated management. There are two stages for management at different levels. In the first stage (2013-2014), the projects were divided into three levels. Technological Management Department of CNOOC Research Institute was in charge of management of the projects at the first and second levels. The secondary research institutes (centers) were in charge of management of the projects at the third level. In the second stage (2015-now), the projects are managed at the level of CNOOC Research Institute and the level of the secondary research institutes (centers). Technology Management Department manages the projects at the level of CNOOC Research Institute while the secondary research institutes (centers) are in charge of management at the level of research institutes (centers). Project management is clarified on the basis of classification and optimization, facilitating follow-up of the key projects. As a result, the quality and efficiency of project management are substantially improved with risks better brought under control.

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Analyze Indexes of Impartial Evaluation of Soft Science Project Peng Zhengxin, Chen Lei, Chi Yanbo, Dou Yali 2016, 35(1): 18-23.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2016.01.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (1929KB) ( )   Scientific and impartial evaluation and management of research results is a bottleneck in the area of management. This study is focused on some issues existing in organization and management of evaluation of managerial results, such as imperfect evaluation methods, different qualities of individual appraisers, and imperfect supervision and examination mechanisms. The analysis is made in the aspects of system and mechanism. To improve the quality of evaluation, it is necessary to establish examination methods for evaluation work and organize a well-structured evaluation team. It is proposed that the work of evaluation committee be quantified and examined by means of relevant evaluation indexes while analysis is made on the basis of actual cases. The paper opens a discussion of issues concerning the impartiality of evaluating managerial results.

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Promote Petrochemical Enterprises to Use New Technology on Basis of Project Construction Zhang Jingtao, Feng Jide 2016, 35(1): 24-27.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2016.01.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (1481KB) ( )   Focusing on how petrochemical enterprises accelerate application and extension of new technology, this paper analyzes the technological characteristics of petrochemical enterprises and petrochemical engineering projects. Taking the projects of PetroChina Huabei Petrochemical Company for instance, it points out that enterprises should promote application of new technology on the basis of the construction of various projects, such as expansion projects, technological renovation of production facilities, overhaul projects and production interruption periods. Application of latest technology in the process of various project construction can help petrochemical enterprises upgrade their technology, develop new products, save energy for less emission, and bring about high-efficiency and sustainable, coordinated development. It is highly applicable and of great significance to extend new technology on the basis of the construction of various projects.

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Analysis of China’s Drilling Engineering Technological Development for Underground Gas Storage Li Guotao, Zhang Shuqi 2016, 35(1): 28-31.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2016.01.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (1482KB) ( )   It is nearly 15 years since China’s first underground gas storage (UGS) in gas reservoir - Dazhangtuo gas storage depot - was put into operation in 2000. With a system of unique drilling engineering technology developed, a series of results of process technology have been achieved since then in the areas of drilling and completion, cementing, injecting, reservoir protection, monitoring, plugging of old wells, satisfying the country’s demand for UGS construction. In attempts to develop the technology of UGS reservoir construction, identify the technological development direction in the future and focus on China’s actual conditions and the foreign development trend for UGS reservoir construction, this article offers some suggestions on the drilling engineering technology for UGS reservoir construction in China. The suggestions include a series of measures, such as adoption of unified and standardized process design, enhancement of completion technology research, emphasis on deployment of monitoring wells, scientific selection of materials for injection string, enhancement of technological research on annular pressure control, and more efforts for study of old well plugging treatment technology.

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Issues Related to Reform of Corporate Technological Structuring Mechanism Zhao Ming 2016, 35(1): 32-36.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2016.01.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (2046KB) ( )   The reform of structuring mechanism of the State-owned enterprises is now under the critical stage. From the angle of the State, the reform should be focused on classified management of enterprises, return to the economic nature, establishment of modern corporate system, adoption of mixed ownership and capital diversification, and implementation of market-based corporate system for business management. The reform of technological restructuring mechanism should be focused on such areas as promoting marketization of technological sector, establishing the stimulation mechanism for innovation and increase of efficiency, and making full use of employees’ internal enthusiasm for innovation. The reform of restructuring mechanism of CNPC aims at further integration and restructuring of non-listed service businesses, such as engineering technology, engineering construction and equipment manufacturing, while striving for oil and gas industrial development. Those businesses will be brought under corporate system and mixed ownerships and listed on the stock market at an appropriate time for marketization. There are some options for the reform of corporate technological structuring mechanism, such as continual implementation of the two-way mixed management pattern, corporate management system suitable for the headquarters and service enterprises and establishment of the mechanism for operating technological research unit on a company basis.

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Enhance Management of Oil and Gas Resourcess Zha Quanheng, Li Feng, Sun Ping, Wang Shihong 2016, 35(1): 37-43.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2016.01.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (2168KB) ( )   Management of oil and gas resources is a huge system project thanks to importance of the strategic resources. This particle briefs about the process of oil and gas resources management after China restructured its economy and opened to the outside world. It points out that the country should further enhance the efforts in this area. It is necessary to establish these three conceptions – objective assessment of resources regarded as the precondition for making correct decisions, acquiring the final say by learning from others’ strong points to offset our own weaknesses, and the economic value of resources determined by capability of enterprises. The efforts should be focused on four tasks – management of mineral areas under laws, attaching importance to characteristics, making in-depth study for sustainable development, and focusing on the domestic resources while using foreign resources as supplement. The article comes up with a series of suggestions, such as allowing the market and government to play bigger roles in management of oil and gas resources, stockpiling more oil and gas, attracting more excellent talents, adjusting the structure of overseas oil and gas resources, stepping up oil and gas cooperation with the Belt and Road countries and launching the “fund for petroleum upstream industrial development.”

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Progress in China’s Demonstration Zones of Shale Gas Development Xu Kun, Li Feng, Yao Chao, Lv Lei 2016, 35(1): 44-49.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2016.01.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (1748KB) ( )   This paper analyzes the present conditions of global shale gas resource potential and development, the progress in China’s demonstration zones of shale gas and the US shale gas development process. It concludes that shale gas of marine facies is the priority field of shale gas exploration and development in China owing to its high abundance of organic matter, good types, high gas-bearing content, stable distribution and wide areas. Economic shale gas development on a large scale requires non-conventional management and technology. China’s shale gas development faces a series of issues, such as considerable gaps in shale gas resource, market, policies and pipeline network as compared to the United States and resource potential and scale economic development remaining unclear. Under the present single-well cost, it is very difficult to fulfill the objective of bringing shale gas production up to 30 billion cubic meters by the year of 2020. Therefore, it is proposed that China’s shale gas development should be steadily promoted on the basis of the marine facies in Sichuan Basin while making continual efforts for economically-applicable technology and managerial innovation, reduction of cost and increase of benefit. The “sweet spots” should be selected and optimized to locate “enrichment layer” and raise the singlewell production. The more preferential policies should be formulated in support of shale gas development.

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Analysis of US Haynesville Shale Gas Industrial Development Pattern Luo Zuoxian 2016, 35(1): 50-55.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2016.01.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (2170KB) ( )   Haynesville is one of the seven main shale gas zones in the United States with a great potential in its resources. The production declined after reaching a record high in 2012. It was kept stable and rising in 2014. As a dry gas zone, the Haynesville shale gas production project made profits even under the environment of low oil prices thanks to its unique shale gas industrial development pattern. Shale gas development in this region is fuelled by a series of factors, such as geographic advantages of bordering with Barnett, continual gas price hike during the production decline, constant technological innovation and progress, and perfect infrastructure system. Adhering to technological creation and integration, oil and gas producers extended the length of fishbone wells and increase the amount of injected water, achieving good results. Under the low oil prices, the oil and gas producers and service providers stepped up cooperation and created their production management patterns for reduction of production cost and stimulation of technological innovation. This paper offers some opinions about how China borrows the US Haynesville successful experience for its shale gas industry, proposing to attach importance to construction of the soft environment, perfect the infrastructure system and make efforts for technological and managerial creation.

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Impact of Low Oil Price on Global Petroleum Engineering Technological Service Business Yang Jinhua, He Yanqing, Zhang Huanzhi, Li Xiaoguang 2016, 35(1): 56-63.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2016.01.012 Abstract ( )   PDF (3135KB) ( )   International oil price slump plunges the world back into the era of low oil price, exerting a serious impact on the global petroleum industry. Engineering technological service business is also fallen into the “cold winter.” Global investment in oil and gas exploration and development was significantly reduced by more than 25 percent in 2015 as compared to the previous year, leading to a substantial reduction of capital expenditure in engineering technological service business, less amount of workload, idleness of service equipment and surplus of service personnel. Facing a stern challenge, oil majors saw a significant decline in their income and profit and even a serious economic loss. The industry is under a higher concentration. This paper analyzes the business turnover and net profit of the first three quarters of 2015 from five international major onshore drilling contractors, five major offshore drilling contractors and four major oilfield service companies. Facing the impact of low oil prices, the companies within the industry adopted active policies and committed themselves to managerial and technological innovations for cost reduction and benefit boost. They consolidated their market positions by means of acquisitions and mergers, “turning the risks into opportunities.” It can be foreseen that a number of new technology or breakthrough technology for remarkable cost-effectiveness will appear in this round of low oil prices.

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Implementation Path and Effectiveness of Obama Administration’s Energy Strategy Hou Min, Li Gang, Yuan Shengzhi 2016, 35(1): 64-70.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2016.01.013 Abstract ( )   PDF (2260KB) ( )   The Obama Administration has set the objectives of renewable energy development and consumption, dependence on crude oil imports and carbon emission since it started to implement its energy strategy in 2009. The strategy includes a series of measures, such as increasing domestic oil supply and oil importing sources to ensure energy security, upgrading and transforming traditional energy consuming enterprises to control carbon emission, and accelerating renewable energy development through the government-dominated investment and policy support. This paper evaluates implementation and effectiveness of the Obama Administration’s energy strategy in terms of four areas – diversification of crude oil importing sources, energy consumption structure, renewable energy development situation and energy utilization efficiency. Based on comparison and analysis of data, the article regards the Obama Administration as successful in its efforts for implementation of the energy strategy, with remarkable results achieved. The energy strategy is of great significance to China’s energy industrial development, upgrading and transformation. It also points out that China should currently aim at promoting sustainable energy industrial development and formulating multi-dimensional energy plans to secure the whole industrial chain.