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01 September 2015, Volume 34 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Development Strategy of China’s Petroleum Enterprises under Background of Low Oil Price Xun Kun, Hu Guangwen, Wang Shihong, Zhang Hao 2015, 34(4): 1-4.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1333KB) ( )   Starting from the latter half of 2014, international oil price dropped swiftly to around US$40 per barrel from more than US$100 and then grew slowly. The oil price is fluctuating between US$ 50 per barrel and US$60 at the present time .According to analysts, the low oil price period will last in the next two or three years or even longer if OPEC refuses to cut oil production in response to oil price decline. Low oil price affected production business of many oil enterprises, some of which had to cut their production and investment and even transferred oil and gas assets at a low price to maintain their business operation. In such situation, Chinese oil enterprises have the opportunities for acquisition of high-quality oil and gas assets at low cost. They should strengthen the efforts to appraise international assets available for transactions and take the favorable opportunities for foreign oil and gas cooperation for acquisition of high-quality oil and gas assets. Meanwhile, the Chinese oil enterprises should optimize their assets, focus on their advantageous industries, promote restructuring and technological creation, lower the cost for higher performance, open up the new fields, enhance the capacity against risks and push ahead with oil and gas market process.

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How Geophysical Enterprises Make Response to Industrial Downturn Liu Juxiang, Ma Yongqin 2015, 34(4): 5-10.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1130KB) ( )   Many organizations predict that international oil price will fluctuate at a low level in next two years. The geophysical industry will continue to keep a downturn momentum with the productivity being in surplus. Major oil and gas companies and geophysical companies around the world have to adopt a series of measures for survival and business development, such reduction of employees for cost-effectiveness, sale of low-efficient assets, acquisition and merger of their business. BGP has also made the efforts for cost reduction. Based on the experiences in international business market development, this paper makes analysis of eight areas – offensive and defense, scale and performance, short term and long term, risks and opportunities, low cost and differentiation, cooperation and competition, imitation and creation, and strategy and tactics. It comes up with a number of suggestions to meet the challenges, such as making balance between offensive and defense in market development, keeping market scale stable, improving business performance, strengthening risk control capacity, seeking new market opportunities, adhering to cost-effective strategy, enhancing advantages of differentiation, boosting corporate competitiveness, taking bidding initiative, making continuing efforts for creation, increasing strategic confidence, and stepping up implementation of tactics.

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International Petroleum Engineering Technological Development Trend Wang Lingbi, Ge Yunhua 2015, 34(4): 11-19.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2762KB) ( )   Fluctuation of oil price does not affect petroleum engineering technological development towards higher speed, higher performance, safety and environmental protection. New technologies were created continually in 2014 in the areas of deep layers and deepwater as well as safe and high-efficiency drilling and completion of non-conventional oil and gas wells. Such technology are in connection to drilling bit, MWD, geo-steering while drilling, drilling fluid and completion fluid, reservoir renovation and fluid testing. Engineering technological creation has provide oil companies with more effective solutions to engineering technological bottlenecks. With the geological conditions becoming increasingly complex and development of new materials and information technology, automation, intelligence and environmental-friendliness will be better positioned in the future engineering technological development. Merger of multi-disciplinary technologies will further promote transformation of petroleum engineering technology. Opportunities and challenges co-exist in China’s oil engineering technological development. The development strategy should be based on national exploration and development targets and strategic development objectives of oil companies, focusing on the key bottlenecks and issues in the exploration and development area and improving the core competitiveness. It is necessary to define the technological research areas and boost the logistic capacity and international competitiveness of petroleum exploration and development.

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Suggestions on Issues Related to Technological Creation of Enterprises Zhao Ming 2015, 34(4): 20-24.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1003KB) ( )   How can an enterprise accelerate its technological creation and obtain high-quality and high-efficiency results from technological creation? This is a heated topic at the present time. Based on the concrete conditions of China National Petroleum Corporation, this paper points out some issues existing in some technological projects, such as inadequate efforts to investigate the technological materials before launch of the project, easy to imitate in execution of the project, becoming passive in foreign cooperation, neglecting minor and non-key links of technology, and part of the results being common in value. Therefore, it is necessary to develop creative mindset, use various technological creation methods and promote creation efficiency. An enterprise should focus on integration of creation results and re-creation after assimilation. It is proposed that technological professionals widen their visions, develop creative mindset, keep in mind the conditions for on-site technological demand and seek technological cooperation with medium and small technological enterprises.

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Motivations and Models of Open Innovation at Chinese and Overseas Large-scale Excellent Enterprises Yuan Lei, Yang Hong, He Yanqing 2015, 34(4): 25-31.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1143KB) ( )   Open innovation is the main model for enterprises’technological creation in the knowledge-based economic era. Based on the study of Shell, Petrobras, GE and China’s Huawei, this paper analyzes motivations of enterprises’ open innovation including support of main business development, expansion of new businesses, access to target market, enhancement of technological capacity, promotion of industrial technological position, acceleration of research process, reduction of cost, and fulfillment of national and social responsibilities. The operational models include purchase of technological patents, acquisition of technology, government-industry-university-research collaboration, launch of joint industrial projects, and raising fund or providing support for external innovation activities. Open innovation should be in line with the industrial development and the enterprises’ strategic demand. Based on the efforts to improve its independent ability for innovation, the enterprise should make full use of various external resources, tighten control over intellectual property, adopt opener and more flexible management pattern, and establish perfect information monitoring network.

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Management of Intellectual Property Right of Geophysical Software Zhang Wei, Zhang Shaohua, Fang Xinyu, Zhao Bo, Shi Haifeng, Zhou Changzheng 2015, 34(4): 32-35.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1491KB) ( )   To establish presence on international market and meet global development trend for software protection, BGP has made a research on the IPR management method of GeoEast software, a large-scale domestic seismic data processing and interpretation integration system, on the basis of the successful IPR managerial experiences in software development both at home and abroad. The research includes establishment of management system and mechanism, management methods and strategies, and combination of management with R&D. BGP also created a set of management patterns covering top-level design, improvement of institutional mechanism, formulation of complete IPR protection process, and creation of patent application templates. This set of application has been successfully applied to GeoEast software development with remarkable results achieved. The quality and quantity of intellectual property rights have seen an explosive growth. Intellectual property has played an important role in the company’s efforts for development of international market, effective backing BGP’s technological creation.

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Research on Benchmarking of Petroleum Engineering Service Sun Jian 2015, 34(4): 36-40.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1380KB) ( )   Based on Spencer organism theory and Maslow’s hierarchy needs model and combined with the characteristics of petroleum engineering technological service enterprises, an evaluation index system is established to appraise petroleum engineering competitiveness, covering eight secondary indexes, such as structure, scale, recycle, immunity, skill, genetics, decision-making and culture, as well as a number of tertiary indexes. Some direct competitors are selected for benchmarking analysis, such as Schlumberger, Baker Hughes, Halliburton, Weatherford, Nabors, and some Chinese companies from CNPC, Sinopec and CNOOC. The results show that the system can directly reflect a company’s advantages and disadvantages. It is indicated that the Chinese oilfield service companies are now under rapid development and have some advantages in culture, skill and decision-making but they need to make efforts in the areas of immunity, recycle, genetics and scale. The system provides a new perspective for decision makers to formulate their future strategy.

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Practices of Drilling Integration Management in Bohai Oilfield Zhao Guoquan, Wang Guodong, Tan Lv 2015, 34(4): 41-44.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1495KB) ( )   As development of Bohai Oilfield is accelerated, it is necessary to establish the key drilling zone and drilling targets, interrelated mechanism, and execution standards to boost oilfield management efficiency and maximize development performance. Therefore, an integration management system is put in place, covering “integration of research and service,” “integration of drilling and building,” “integration of implementation and adjustment,”and “integration of construction and production.” The management pattern driven by both technology and management has been successful in construction and development of Bohai Oilfield in the past years. This integrated management pattern is appropriate for drilling project of offshore oilfields, effectively boosting management level, construction quality and economic performance of offshore oilfield development projects.

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New Development and Research Area of Cementing Material and Technology Qi Fengzhong, Du Jianping, Wei Qunbao 2015, 34(4): 45-48.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1121KB) ( )   As the exploration and development work is extending into the fields of deep layers, low-pressure, low permeability and low abundance as well as offshore areas and non-conventional reservoirs, oil and gas well cementing becomes more and more difficult and calls for higher requirements on long-term cementing quality. Research and development of cementing materials face new challenges. This paper summarizes the technological achievements of cement slurry systems and materials made in recent years in the areas of ultra-high density cement slurry, ultra-low density cement slurry, large temperature difference cement slurry, salt-resistant latex cement slurry, flexible cement, CO2 corrosionresistant cement, phosphate cement, and low hydrate heat and low temperature cement. It also briefs about technological development of high temperature-resistant spacer fluid, high-efficiency flushing spacer fluid and oil displacement highdensity spacer fluid. Based on the company’s cementing service business, the paper idienfies the future research areas – study of cementing material mechanism, improvement of cement slurry formula and additive performance, and development of new-type cementing materials.

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Stingray System Used for Permanent Monitoring of Offshore Oil Reservoirs Zhou Bin, Liu Zhuo, Zhai Chao, Wang Bei, Song Qi, Kuang Yuqi 2015, 34(4): 49-62.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1902KB) ( )   As offshore oil exploration and development is extending into deepwater and complex areas, seismic data acquisition becomes increasingly difficult and calls for higher requirements on accuracy. Therefore, foreign seismic data acquisition technology has been created in many areas. This paper briefs about the work principle of Stingray system – a new-type optical fiber seismic acquisition system suitable for permanent monitoring of deepwater oil and gas fields – and its composition, underwater layout and implementation method. As compared to Towed Streamer Technology, Ocean Bottom Cable Technology and Ocean Bottom Nodes Technology, Stingray system is advantageous in 4D imaging, 4C imaging and real-time monitoring. The system has drawn attention from foreign oil companies owing to high economic performance, low risks and good environmental reputation. It is expected to open up a new way for permanent monitoring of China’s offshore oilfields.

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Method for Comprehensive Assessment and Calculation of EOR Technology Li Bin, Bi Yongbin, Yuan Lixin, Zang Jing, Zhang Jian 2015, 34(4): 53-60.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1567KB) ( )   Currently, selection of EOR technology methods depends mainly on the industrial standards – “Technical Regulation for EOR Screening Guide.” It is focused on geological characteristics, fluid property adaptability, technological feasibility and economic feasibility of the applied targets once a method is selected. However, some problems exist in this specification, such as lack of quantitative calculation and other details. Therefore, the study comes up with a new assessment mindset for determination of EOR method. There are eight assessment targets – design of matching degree, technological feasibility, production factor improvement margin, incremental oil production, incremental amount for each ton of oil flooding agent, cost for each ton of oil flooding agent, net present value, and recovery period. In addition, there are three risk-appraising targets – safety and environmental degree, execution risk degree and profit from each ton of oil. Comprehensive method is selected for assessment following determination of weight of each target. This new concept is based on integration of various targets and various comprehensive methods with risk assessment. This comprehensive assessment method is computer-programmed, simple and easy to operate. Three reservoir cases verify feasibility and credibility of this calculation method.

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Influence of BP Business Management on Chinese Companies Luo Zuoxian, Zhou Xinrong 2015, 34(4): 61-67.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1898KB) ( )   As one of the world’s largest multinational oil companies, BP has always committed itself to the effective ways to secure reliable energy supply for consumers while seeking maximization of the shareholders’ interests. Analysis of BP’s business results can allow us to understand the general changes in global oil market. Based on comparison of the company’s financial targets and reserves and production targets, the business results of BP had a downward trend in 2014 owing to the impacts of sluggish macro economic situation and Gulf of Mexico oil leakage incident. Therefore, BP has made out a “10-point development plan” in response to the situation. The company will keep a stable development trend in 2015 and continually focus on economic performance. BP was resolved to make reform and strategic management adjustment in the slowdown and crisis period. It adjusted its managerial structure according to the situation and strengthened its unique development capacity. Meanwhile, BP encourage all staff members to participate in strategic adjustment and risk control and achieved good results in those areas, invigorating itself for development.

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Research and Development of Solar Enhanced Oil Recovery Wang Lu, He Yanqing, Zhang Huazhen 2015, 34(4): 68-71.  Abstract ( )   PDF (2628KB) ( )   Conventional heavy oil thermal recovery process usually needs to burn a lot of natural gas to produce high-temperature steam. Using solar energy for steam production of heavy oil is an energy-saving, cost-effective and environmental-friendly scheme. GlassPoint is one of the main suppliers for solar energy steam production equipment, which is engaged in solar energy EOR application and research. The company’s core technology is an enclosed trough solar steam generator, including roof washing system, air-handling unit, parabolic mirrors and receivers. This paper also briefs about commercialization of the equipment in California of the United States, Oman and Kuwait. When used for thermal EOR purpose in sunny areas, the solar steam generator can reduce fuel consumption by 80 percent and significantly cut CO2 emission, extending the service life of the system for 30 years and dramatically improving economic value of heavy oil assets. This technology has a series of advantages, such as reducing fuel cost, maximizing natural gas value, producing more crude oil, and stimulating the local economy. It is in line with the present-day social requirements on environmental protection and sustainable development.