Abstract: Unconventional oil and gas reservoirs of shale gas and compact oil and gas are low in porosity and permeability as well as difficult for production. They have higher requirements on exploration and development process technology. The layered multi-stage cluster perforation is the most effective oil testing and completion method at the present time. Under the condition that the wellbore is effectively communicated with the formations, this technology sends perforation pipe string and compound bridge plug to the target layer by means of wire transmission according to the pump design program. The intelligent selective excitation can complete bridge plug setting in connection to cluster perforation. The tool includes four main systems - bridge plug layered system made of easy-to-drill compound material, selective-exciting cluster perforation system, horizontal well pump system and high-pressure sealed wire BOP system - and three main software - selective exciting control software for cluster perforation, design optimization software for pump program and cluster perforation standardization software. There are five specifications and types. Perforation of 20 stages can be excited when the wire is tripped in at one time. The materials of cluster perforation tool can resist 150°C temperature and 140MPa pressure while compound bridge plug can resist 150°C and 70MPa. The wire wellhead BOP has a maximum working pressure of 105MPa. Application of the tool is accumulated to more than 400 well times with a 100 percent service success rate. It reduces the cost by 30 percent and improves efficiency more than two times, providing technological support for cost-effective development of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs.

Key words: layered multi-stage, cluster perforation, multi-stage excitation, wire pump, intelligent selective excitation, bridge plug setting

摘要： 页岩气、致密油气等非常规油气储层孔隙度低、渗透率低,开采难度大,对勘探开发工艺技术要求更高,分段多级分簇射孔是目前最理想、最有效的试油完井方式。该技术在井筒和地层有效沟通的前提下,运用电缆输送方式,按照泵送设计程序,将射孔管串和复合桥塞输送至目的层,智能选发完成桥塞坐封和多簇射孔联作。包括易钻复合材料桥塞分段系统、分簇选发射孔系统、水平井泵送系统、高压动密封电缆防喷系统四大工具及分簇射孔选发控制软件、泵送程序设计优化软件、分簇射孔规范三大软件,有5种规格型号。电缆一次下井可实现20级射孔点火作业,分簇射孔器材耐温150℃、耐压140MPa,复合桥塞耐温150℃、耐压70MPa,电缆井口防喷装置最高工作压力为105 MPa。实际应用合计达400余井次,作业成功率达100%,成本降低30%,效率提高两倍以上,为非常规油气藏高效、低成本开发提供了技术保障。

关键词: 分段多级, 分簇射孔, 多级点火, 电缆泵送, 智能选发, 桥塞坐封