Abstract: Facing global economic fluctuations and oil price changes in recent years, oil companies of the different types have the development strategies in common while maintaining their respective characteristics. International oil companies adhered to their core strategies and highlighted the advantages of integration. Oil companies in emerging countries accelerated their internationalization process for rapid business development and expansion. Independent oil companies took advantage of their own expertise and focused on key technological research projects for breakthroughs. All their efforts propelled development of the world petroleum industry. Generally speaking, global oil companies took three main strategies of survival, adjustment and development in response to low oil prices. Based on a series of measures, they fulfilled their objectives for the current stage. Oil companies have effectively controlled their losses and gradually resumed confidence for business growth, bringing about a good turn for net profits. Based on the comprehensive analysis, this paper proposes that China’s oil companies should study classification of global oil companies, analyze their characteristics of property, and adhere to the core development strategy to expand China’s overseas oil business development. They should make timely adjustment of the short-term and medium-term strategies and enhance cooperation with oil companies both at home and abroad in harmony with overseas oil and gas business development.

摘要： 近年来，面对全球经济波动与油价突变，各类石油公司在发展战略上既有共性又各有特点。国际石油公 司坚持核心战略，一体化突出优势求引领；新兴国家石油公司加快国际化进程，迅速成长壮大求拓展；独立石油公司 发挥自身专长，聚焦核心攻关求突破；推动世界石油工业实现新发展。总体来看，全球石油公司应对低油价主要采取 了生存、调整、发展三大策略，通过实施一系列举措，实现了阶段目标，石油公司亏损程度得到有效控制，净利润状 况普遍出现好转，增长信心逐渐恢复。在综合分析基础上，发展我国石油公司海外业务，需加强全球石油公司分类对 标研究，结合性质特征分析研判；坚持核心发展战略，注重中、短期策略的及时调整；加强国内外石油公司合作，协 同发展海外油气事业等。

关键词: 石油公司, 公司战略, 勘探开发, 发展动向, 资产优化, 一体化, 国际合作