Abstract: Currently, petroleum consumption declines slowly after it reached the peak while replaceable energy is under rapid development. The world enters into the “post-petroleum era”. Petroleum enterprises are now pressed for taking advantage of the turning-point and opportunities of petroleum industrial development and making efforts for conversion and upgrading as well as sustainable development. A series of options have been proposed for those objectives. It is necessary to face this issue from the strategic angle, improve the awareness and motivation for strategic conversion, and identify the natural law of energy development and evolution. Against the new situation of global oil and gas market, petroleum enterprises should study the path for conversion and the new pattern for international energy cooperation, accelerate development of oil and gas resources in the South China Sea to make this region get on the “last bus” of fossil energy, develop new technology and equipment and change the outdated mechanism for cost-effective and rapid development of abundant low-graded oil and gas resources, and speed up new energy development by means of the advantages of technology, talent, fund and organizations. Meanwhile, they should reduce the proportion of downstream industrial fuel products, increase the proportion of high-end chemical material products break the deadlock of surplus refinery capacity, and bring about cross-disciplinary industrial conversion under certain conditions. As the mainstay of the national energy security, the petroleum industry should keep the country’s crude oil production no less than 200 million tons.

摘要： 石油消费量达到顶峰之后缓慢下降，替代能源快速发展，世界正在走向“后石油时代”。如何抓住石油 工业发展的转折点、机遇期，实现转型升级、可持续发展是石油企业必须面对的紧迫问题。对此文章提出了一系列方 略：强调必须从战略高度来认识，提高战略转型的觉悟和自觉性，认识能源发展演化的自然规律，走出路径依赖；在 新的全球油气市场形势下，抓紧探索转型路径及国际能源合作新模式；利用大国关系调整，加快开发南海油气资源， 使其搭上化石能源“末班车”；发展新技术新装备，改变落后机制，低成本快速开发丰富的低品位油气资源；利用技术、 人才、资金、组织优势，加快进入新能源领域，开创新天地；缩小下游产业燃料产品比例，扩大高端化工材料产品比例， 打破炼油产业过剩困局；有条件地实施产业跨界转型，走出资源型企业和资源型城市自然“死亡”的魔咒；作为国家 能源安全的“压舱石”，应全力确保两亿吨原油产量不下跌。

关键词: 后石油时代, 能源转型, 国际合作模式, 低品位油气资源, 新能源, 高端化工材料, 能源安全