Abstract: Currently, development of material technology is obviously accelerated in the energy area, exerting a great impact on the future position of traditional fossil energy. The likeliness of fossil energy to be replaced cannot be excluded from a long-term point of view though it can dominate in a long period of time. This depends on development speed and maturity of material science. Based on analysis of the present conditions and future trend for disruptive material technological study in the energy area, this paper elaborates disruptive material technology and its important role in energy replacement process. It briefs about disruptive material technology that needs to be focused on in the energy area, including nanometer, highefficiency energy storage, new-type solar energy power, fuel battery, super capacitor, micro nuclear power and controlled nuclear fusion technology. It also analyzes the potential impact of those disruptive material technologies on traditional energy. Traditional energy enterprises should get ready as soon as possible and accelerate the follow-up study in the areas related to functional nano-material and energy-storing battery so that they can technologically base themselves for their business conversion and development.

摘要： 当前能源领域材料技术发展速度明显加快，对传统化石能源的未来地位将产生重大冲击。虽然化石能源相 当长一段时间内仍会占据主导地位，但长远看被颠覆替代的可能性不能排除，关键取决于材料科学的发展节奏与成熟性。 以能源领域颠覆性材料技术研究现状与未来趋势分析为主线，阐述了颠覆性材料技术及其在能源替代进程中的重要作用， 介绍了能源领域需要重点关注的颠覆性材料技术，具体包括纳米、高效储能、新型太阳能发电、燃料电池、超级电容、 微型核电、可控核聚变等技术，分析了这些颠覆性材料技术对传统能源的潜在影响。传统能源企业应早作筹谋，加快对 功能纳米材料、储能电池等相关领域的跟踪研究，为公司业务转型发展提供技术依据。

关键词: 能源工业, 颠覆性技术, 材料科学, 技术成熟度, 发展现状, 潜在影响