Abstract: The national science and technology major project is an important pattern of China’s technological development. The enterprise takes up the backbone position in the implementation process of the national science and technology major projects. As one of the important participants in the national science and technology major projects, the university plays an active role of innovation in implementation of those projects. Based on the major oil and gas project executed by China University of Petroleum (Beijing), it is found that there is a series of issues in the national science and technology major projects executed at colleges and universities at the present time, such as the special implementation policies tilting towards enterprises, non-standardized text of contract, delayed allocation of fund, and unreasonable items for budget. China University of Petroleum (Beijing) makes an active effort for adjustment of restructuring mechanism, such as determination of the legalperson responsibility system, appointment of special person for special position to step up management, formulation of internal management methods, the special fund ensured to be used for the special project, enhancement of fund control for external cooperation, and introduction of new technological research and finance management systems. It is proposed that the colleges and universities should focus their efforts on formulation of plans, establishment of system, construction of laboratories, and enhancement of process control, thus effectively ensuring execution of the major technological projects.

摘要： 国家科技重大专项是我国科技发展的重要项目类型，企业在实施国家科技重大专项过程中占据着主体地 位。高校作为国家科技重大专项的重要参与单位之一，在项目实施过程中起着知识创新和积极的推动作用。根据中国 石油大学（北京）承担的油气重大专项实施情况，目前高校承担国家科技重大专项时，面临着专项实施政策倾向企业、 专题级合同文本不规范、经费拨付不及时、预算科目不合理等问题。中国石油大学（北京）在体制机制上进行了探索， 如明确法人责任制、专人专岗加强管理、制定内部管理办法、确保重大专项经费专款专用、加强外协经费管控、引进 科研及财务管理新系统等，建议高校今后要做好引领规划、加强制度建设、加强实验室建设、强化过程管理等工作， 以有效保障重大专项顺利实施。

关键词: 国家科技重大专项, 油气重大专项, 项目管理