Abstract: International oil price slumped after the second half of 2014 and continues to be low at the present time. It is expected to fluctuate at a low level in the upcoming time. This article analyzes the causes of oil price decline from the commodity, financial and political angles. It points out that low oil prices threatens the oil-related businesses, particularly the existence and development of offshore oil and gas development business, making market activity and investment scale decline, leading to a significant slide in profit and substantially reducing mobilization rate and daily fee of drilling platform. To guard against the economic risks in the low oil price period, it is suggested that the large-scale domestic offshore oil and gas enterprises should clarify their strategies and concrete measures at the three levels – strategic management, business management and project management and establish the related systems for survival and development under the condition of low oil prices on a long-term basis.

摘要： 国际油价自2014 年下半年起大幅下跌，至今仍持续低迷，预期未来一段时期内仍会低位运行。从商品、 金融、政治层面分析了油价下跌原因，指出低油价给石油相关业务，特别是海上油气开发业务的生存及发展带来威胁， 市场活跃度下降、投资规模降低、利润大幅下挫，钻井平台动用率和日费明显下滑。为系统规避低油价期间的经济风险， 建议国内大型海上油气企业从战略管理、经营管理、项目管理3 个层面明确指导思想和具体措施，梳理建立相应体系， 以期在低油价常态下保生存、求发展。

关键词: 低油价, 海上油气开发, 指导思想, 应对措施, 战略, 管理