Abstract: Oil companies focusing on the oil and gas upstream businesses have to face a stern challenge under the background of low oil prices. This article is focused on a series of issues, such as how oil fields cope with low oil prices in their production business, analysis of oilfields’ production situation, evaluation of economic performance of mature oilfields, and optimization of new productivity. It also analyzes some key issues, including production factors affecting economic benefits, whether to limit production at developed oilfields and how to optimize investment. It comes up with a series of suggestions, such as meeting current difficulties while taking into account the long-term benefits and taking active measure on a short-term basis to fulfill the objectives of controlling investment as soon as possible, increasing cash flow and reducing economic losses. In the long and medium terms, it is necessary to turn the growth pattern and establish the response mechanism with the efforts made at various levels.

摘要： 低油价使以油气上游生产业务为主的石油公司面临严峻挑战。针对油田生产如何应对低油价，在油田生 产形势分析、老油田效益评价、新建产能评价优选等研究的基础上，就影响经营的生产性因素、已开发油田是否限产、 如何优化新增投资等关键问题进行了分析，提出应对当前困难和长远利益统筹考虑，短期积极应对，尽快实现控制投入、 增加现金流、减少亏损的目标，中长期则应转变增长方式、建立响应机制，分层次开展工作。

关键词: 低油价, 油田生产, 限产, 优化, 对策