Abstract: The environment for the domestic patent operation has been improved in recent years owing to the efforts made by the government. The conditions for companies’ patent operation have been increasingly matured in the period of time. The patent operational characteristics of petroleum enterprises are determined by the special properties of petroleum industry. The amount of patent applications from China’s petroleum enterprises has risen dramatically in recent years, but the patent operational ability is relatively inadequate. Most of the patents have not been used or implemented effectively. Based on the existing studies, this paper aims to establish the evaluation method system for petroleum enterprises to select the patent operational methods so that the reference can be provided for the enterprises to reasonably select the operational methods. In the petroleum upstream sector, patent operation of the enterprises are mainly related to engineering services to improve values and revenues of engineering service, because the upstream technology is poor in description and highly dedicated to the conditions of the specific oil and gas resources. In the downstream and chemical sector, patent operation is relatively active and has a variety of operational patterns, because the technology in this area is close to markets, abundant in kinds and fast in modernization. It is proposed that the petroleum enterprises should study diversified patent operational methods and strategies, create the favourable policy environment for patent operational activities, and perfect the relative structuring mechanism to promote a healthy development of patent operation.

摘要： 近年在政府的推动下，国内专利运营环境逐步完善，企业专利运营条件日趋成熟。石油行业 的特殊属性决定了石油企业专利运营的特点。我国石油企业专利申请量近年大幅增长，但专利运营能力相 对不足，大多数专利尚未得到有效的应用实施。综合已有研究，建立了石油企业专利运营方式选择的评估 方法体系，为企业科学合理地选择运营方式提供参考。石油上游领域的技术由于可表达性差、对于特定油 气资源条件的专用性高等，企业专利运营主要是与工程服务结合，提高工程服务的价值与收益。下游和化 工领域的技术由于接近市场，技术产品丰富、更新换代快，专利运营较为活跃，运营形式多样。建议石油 企业探索多样化的专利运营方式和策略，营造有利于专利运营活动开展的政策环境，完善支持专利运营良 性发展的配套体制机制。

关键词: 石油企业, 政策环境, 专利运营, 运营策略, 专利申请量