光纤传感推动油藏地球物理技术智能创新发展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2021.05.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对油气藏评价、油气田开发与油气藏生产阶段提出的如何发现残余油和剩余油，如何提高采收率等问题，应用大规模布设的分布式传感光纤，采集井中地震数据，实时收集油气藏储层参数与油气井动态生产数据，进行智能化处理，实现油气藏智能描述、模拟和监测，来优化调整油气藏的开发方案和发现剩余油气资源，最终达到提高油气藏采收率的终极目标。基于分布式光纤传感的油藏地球物理技术，将能够直接感知油气藏储层和油气生产井下声波、温度、压力、应变、流体类型等参数的铠装传感光缆布设到沿井孔或油气藏储层内水平井中，实现对整个油气藏的智能描述和监测。近几年中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司主导创新发展了基于分布式光纤声波传感技术的uDAS?地震仪及其配套的井中地震数据采集装备，大力推动光纤井中地震技术、光纤井中—地面联合立体勘探技术、水力压裂光纤微地震及精准储层改造工程监测技术、光纤井下长期动态监测技术在国内大部分油田的规模化推广应用，促进并引领了油藏地球物理光纤智能技术的跨越式创新发展。

关键词: 分布式光纤传感；油藏地球物理；垂直地震剖面；井中&mdash, 地面联合立体勘探；微地震监测；油气藏动态监测中图分类号：

Abstract: Focusing on problems such as evaluation of oil and gas reservoirs, oil and gas field development, how to find residual and bypassed oil and gas, and how to improve EOR, the distributed optical sensing was applied on a large scale to acquire surface and borehole seismic data, collect real-time oil and gas reservoir parameters and dynamic production data of oil and gas wells for intelligent processing, and realize intelligent description, simulation and monitoring of oil and gas reservoirs, thus optimizing and adjusting the oil and gas reservoir development plan and searching for the remaining oil and gas reserves. The ultimate goal is to improve the recovery rate of oil and gas reservoirs. The optical fiber intelligent reservoir geophysical technique, based on the distributed optical fiber sensing and armored optical cable deployed inside the production boreholes or the horizontal wells of the reservoirs, can directly sense the acoustic wave, temperature, pressure, strain, fluid type and other parameters of the oil and gas reservoirs to bring about intelligent description and monitoring of the overall oil and gas reservoir. The uDAS? seismograph based on φ-OTDR DAS technique and its systematic borehole seismic data acquisition equipment, developed mainly by BGP Inc. in recent years, has promoted extensive application of the latest technologies in most of the domestic oilfields, such as DAS-VSP(optical fiber borehole seismic) survey, joint borehole-surface 3D seismic exploration, hydraulic fracturing microseismic monitoring and precise reservoir renovation engineering monitoring, and downhole long-term dynamic monitoring, fueling innovation and significant development of intelligent optical fiber reservoir geophysical technique.

中图分类号:

苟量　张少华　余刚　王熙明　安树杰　吴俊军　陈沅忠. 光纤传感推动油藏地球物理技术智能创新发展[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2021, 40(5): 55-64.

Gou Liang, Zhang Shaohua, Yu Gang, Wang Ximing, An Shujie, Wu Junjun, Chen Yuanzhong. Optical Sensing Promotes Intelligence, Innovation and Development of Reservoir Geophysical Technology[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology Forum, 2021, 40(5): 55-64.

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