长庆油田超低渗透油藏持续有效开发重大试验攻关探索与实践

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2021.04.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 超低渗透油藏覆盖储量大，油藏致密、孔喉细微、物性差，开发难度极大。2005年，中国石油在长庆油田开展了超低渗透（0.3mD）油藏开发攻关试验，创新了储层快速评价、有效驱替系统优化、多级压裂改造、地面优化简化、低成本钻采配套五大特色技术系列，形成了超低渗透油藏管理模式，推动年产油量从2008年的31×10⁴t快速升至2014年的802×10⁴t并持续稳定，有力支撑了长庆5000×10⁴t上产稳产。随着超低渗透油藏（尤其是超低渗透Ⅲ类）水驱开发深入，驱替难度大、水淹水窜比例高、采油速度低、采收率低等开发矛盾陆续显现，2016年长庆油田开展了转变注水开发方式重大开发试验，经过4年攻关，初步形成了超低渗透油藏先期补能、压中增能、吞吐蓄能、驱渗结合的一体化提高采收率技术，解决了传统注水开发难以见效和储量动用程度低的难题，产量大幅提升，现场试验采收率提高12个百分点，目前已进入工业化试验，将为长庆油田“二次加快发展”提供强大动力。

关键词: 超低渗透油藏, 开发方式, 重复压裂, 驱渗结合, 能量补充

Abstract: The ultra-low permeability reservoir is characterized for wide coverage, tightness, fine pore throat and poor physical properties. It is difficult to put the reservoir of this kind under development. In 2005, PetroChina kicked off the experiment on ultra-low permeability (0.3mD) reservoir development at Changqing Oilfield. A total of five unique technological families were created in the experiment -- quick formation assessment, optimization of the effective flooding system, multi-stage fracturing renovation, surface optimization and simplification, and systematic low-cost drilling technology. The management model for the ultra-low permeability reservoir was also developed at the same time. As a result, the annual oil production was rapidly raised to 802×10⁴t in 2014 from 31×10⁴t in 2008 and kept stable at that level, effectively helping Changqing fulfill the objective of 5000×10⁴t. With water-flooded development of the ultra-low permeability oil reservoirs (ultra-low permeability of III category in particular) being unfolded, some development contradictions gradually appeared, such as more difficult replacement, high water flooding and water channeling ratio, low production rate and low productivity. Changqing Oilfield conducted an important development experiment by changing water-injecting development mode in 2016. After four years of experiment, a series of EOR technologies was basically developed, which is an integration of supplementing energy in advance for ultra-low permeability reservoirs, increasing energy under pressure, storing energy in swallowing, and combining drive with filtration. The integrated technology solved the bottlenecks in using traditional water-flooding development mode -- ineffectiveness and low producing degree, thus raising production substantially. The field experiment indicated that the productivity was raised by 12 percentages. Currently, the integration of technologies comes under industrialized experiment and will become a powerful engine for Changqing Oilfield to “accelerate its development for the second time.”

中图分类号:

李忠兴　李松泉　廖广志　田昌炳　王正茂　史成恩　雷征东　刘卫东　杨海恩. 长庆油田超低渗透油藏持续有效开发重大试验攻关探索与实践[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2021, 40(4): 1-11.

Li Zhongxing, Li Songquan, Liao Guangzhi, Tian Changbing, Wang Zhengmao, Shi Cheng’en, Lei Zhengdong, Liu Weidong, Yang Haien. Practice from Significant Experiment on Effective Development of Changqing Ultra-low Permeability Reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology Forum, 2021, 40(4): 1-11.

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