提高横波勘探有效性    引领物探技术创新

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2021.04.002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着油气勘探向低渗透、深层、海洋和非常规领域延伸，勘探目标越来越复杂，找油找气越来越困难。要更好地克服这些困难需要革命性或颠覆性的物探技术创新。纵波、横波相结合的弹性波地震勘探能够提供更多地球物理参数，使得直接找油找气成为可能，是颠覆性物探技术。中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司研制了大吨位可控横波震源，改善其耦合及激发方式，改进观测系统，优化接收方法与工艺，实施了宽线高密度高覆盖资料采集、针对性的表层调查与横波处理解释等工程技术创新，明确了最有利的横波采集区域与相应技术参数。近期在青海三湖地区开展纵波、横波联合勘探试验，得到了与纵波资料信噪比相当的横波资料，成果剖面横波地震资料的分辨率达到纵波的2倍；利用横波资料在驼峰山和台南两个气田成功部署两口井，均获高产气流。这些成果促进了横波及弹性波地震勘探技术的发展，引领全球物探技术创新，为东方物探保持全球油气勘探市场的优势地位提供支撑。

关键词: 横波勘探, 弹性波勘探, 高分辨, 流体检测, 颠覆性创新

Abstract: As hydrocarbon exploration shifts towards low permeability, deep subsurface, offshore and unconventional reservoirs, exploration targets become more and more complex, and finding oil and gas successfully becomes more and more difficult. Radical or disruptive innovations in geophysical technologies may be required to tackle these issues. Such innovations may only be possible by the use of shear-waves, and the combination of P- and shear-waves signals the onset of elastic wave exploration, making it possible to provide more geophysical parameters and search for oil and gas directly. Recently, BGP has tested this approach in Qinghai Sanhu. Through increased source tonnage, improved source coupling and a high-density and high-fold wide line geometry, high quality shear-wave data are obtained whose S/N ratio, frequency content and depth penetration are all comparable with P-wave’s. Consequently, a higher subsurface resolution, at least double, is achieved using shear-wave, as compared with P-wave data. Furthermore, two wells are drilled successfully based on the shear-wave data in Tuofeng Shan and Tainan area, yielding a high rate of daily gas production in both wells. These achievements have greatly advanced shear-wave as well as elastic wave seismic technologies, leading the race in geophysical innovation, and laying the foundation in maintaining BGP’s market share in global oil and gas exploration.

中图分类号:

苟量　张少华　李向阳. 提高横波勘探有效性引领物探技术创新[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2021, 40(4): 12-19.

Gou Liang, Zhang Shaohua, Li Xiangyang. Improving the Effectiveness of Shear-wave Seismic Exploration through Geophysical Technology Innovation[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology Forum, 2021, 40(4): 12-19.

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