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25 August 2012, Volume 31 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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New Natural Gas Production Achievement of SINOPEC and Its Enlightenment Gao An-rong, Zhou Yue-zhong, Li Guang-yue 2012, 31(4): 1-4.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (1966KB) ( )   In the past few years, SINOPEC has fully implemented the strategy of vigorous natural gas development, which is centered by benefit, guaranteed by technology, and targeted by rapid growth in production, strengthened adjustment and potential tapping in old gas regions, and intensified evaluation of newly increased proved reserves and productivity construction in new gas regions. For complex gas reservoir production, SINOPEC conducted research and applied new technology, managed gas reservoir more carefully, enhanced scientific management, and enabled its gas production into a new stage. It has obtained a lot of great achievements and important recognitions, laying solid basis for good and rapid development of natural gas production in the future.

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Oil-dependent Cities Take the Road of Sustainable Development——A Case Study of Karamay Wei Xin, Yu Xiao-zhong, Jiang Yu-jie 2012, 31(4): 5-9.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (2145KB) ( )   The oil-dependent cities dominated by conventional oil industry applied high and new technology to transform conventional industry and developed high-tech industry based on oil resources, on the basis of technology innovation. This is one of the important means to achieve sustainable social and economic development. Taking Karamay City of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region as an example, this paper began from the industrial chain of oil resources logically, analyzed the issue that how oil-dependent cities achieved sustainable development, discussed the possibility of such cities to develop high-tech oil industry in terms of extension, expansion, powerfulness and delicacy, low carbon and energy conservation, and environmental protection, and pointed out the necessity of establishing corresponding support systems.

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Considerations about Developing Future Energy Li Jun-jun, Wang Da-rui 2012, 31(4): 10-12.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (1746KB) ( )   Nowadays people pay high attention to living environment and the quality of life, so traditional fossil energy is facing unprecedented doubt. Although the harm of fossil energy is great, it still dominates energy structure. This paper analyzed the problems of fossil energy, for example, how carbon emissions from fossil fuel result in global climate change and regional disaster. It further discussed its dilemma, for example, the increasing demand for various energy worldwide is forcing people to reduce use of traditional fossil fuel (especially oil and natural gas). At last, it elaborated some considerations abut developing sustainable energy in the future, especially about nuclear energy and hydrogen energy.

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Prospect Analysis about Application of Monobore Drilling & Completion and in Marginal Oilfields Zhou Jian-liang, Liu Shu-jie, GengYa-nan, Zhou Chang-suo 2012, 31(4): 13-17.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (3480KB) ( )   As the key technology which can solve the economic exploitation problem of low-abundance, small or marginal oilfields, the slim-hole monobore drilling & completion technology using small borehole, simplified casing programs and production strings designs could reduce the use of material and rig time as much as possible. Many international oil companies have applied it in many oil & gas fields and exploited many low-yield fault-block oilfields economically. Unconventional energy such as CBM and shale gas could also be efficiently exploited by this technology according to some project cases abroad. It has been used in a few onshore oilfields and sidetrack drilling in some offshore oilfields in China. So research work and field application about monobore wells could reduce the cost of exploitation of low-abundance & offshore marginal oilfields, and supply a technical storage for unconventional energy exploitation. Key technologies of monobore were analyzed in this paper, and many solutions were also supplied according to study results in offshore oilfields. The analyzed technologies and solutions are of strong significance to the improvement and application of monobore technology.

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Application of Multi-fracturing with Massive Fluid in Horizontal Well of Shale Gas Reservoir Han Jia-xin, Hu Hui-na, Zuo Wan-jiang 2012, 31(4): 18-20.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (2116KB) ( )   As a rising unconventional energy, the mining technology of shale gas is multi-fracturing with massive fluid within horizontal well. The technical difficulties of multi-fracturing with massive fluid were analyzed according to the formation characteristics of shale gas reservoir. The application was illustrated, including process design of surface feed fluid, optimization of multi-fracturing completion tools, selection of fluid system and proppant, and design of wellhead equipment. Experience of technical and field operation has been accumulated for multi-fracturing technology with massive fluid from Well Jianye HF-1.

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Common Faults of Screw Pump Well Inverter and Their Handling Chen Qing-run 2012, 31(4): 21-23.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (1824KB) ( )   Now screw pump has been widely used in oilfield exploitation. As important equipment for controlling and regulating the speed of screw pump, the inverter exerts direct effect on stable oilfield operation and energy efficiency for its operation and use. According to the structural characteristics and working principle of inverter, this paper summed up its common faults, analyzed the causes of three common faults such as overload, pressure due and retrograde of electric machine, and proposed corresponding solutions.

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Research of Science &Technology Achievement Management System of Pipeline Transportation Companies Zhang Yu-zhi, Kang Li-ping, Zhao Chou-min, Qian Cheng-wen, Li Li, Wang Yu-qin, Zhang Hui-fen 2012, 31(4): 24-26.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (1831KB) ( )   PetroChina Pipeline Company has been studying the domain of oil and gas storage and transportation for 40 years, and accumulated lots of scientific and technical achievements in the process of pipeline transportation, the protection from corrosion, the integrity management, and chemical additives, etc, leading the technological progress in domestic oil and gas storage and transportation industry. It is very necessary to study how to further improve the development and application of corporate scientific and technical achievements, give full play to the value of the achievements, and establish scientific and reasonable management system. Based on introducing the current state of PetroChina Pipeline Company's scientific and technical achievement management, this paper put forward and established achievement management system, combined with the management practice of the company. The system includes five parts: achievement research and development, technology integration, achievement setting and release, popularization and application, and post evaluation. After finishing the evaluation about achievement application, the feedback of R&D process and researchers is achieved, according to the post-evaluation results. The closed-loop management of technological achievements is fulfilled.

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Application of Fuzzy-Real Option Theory on Evaluation of Low-quality Reserves Exploitation Value Zhang Peng-cheng, Ding Hao, Zhang Qi 2012, 31(4): 27-29,33.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (2404KB) ( )   The methods of evaluating the exploitation value of low-quality reserves are mainly traditional economic evaluation and real option theory, both of which have some weaknesses, especially on forecasting precisely the cash flow in the exploitation period. Nevertheless, the combination of fuzzy theory and real option can overcome this shortcoming, and the results of situation assessment are more close to reality. This paper established a brand new method of evaluating the exploitation value of low-quality reserves by applying fuzzy-real option theory on the case of low-quality reserves. The example of evaluating the exploitation value of YJ low-quality reserve from SL oilfield testified the efficiency and practicability of this method, which provided a new idea for the evaluation of low-quality reserves exploitation value.

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Production Breakeven Analysis and Its Application to Reservoir Management Su Bo, Qian Min, Jiang Jun, Cao Lin-ying, Li Hong-wei, Zhang Dong-guo 2012, 31(4): 30-33.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (2189KB) ( )   Oil well is a basic unit of oilfield. To maintain well production above the break-even point is important for well production management. One of the targets of reservoir management is to increase benefit production through producing well management. Managers in the oilfield should fully master and utilize the variation of break-even point to adjust production deployment and maximize benefit. This paper used the break-even principle of economics, conducted economic benefit analysis about oil wells by taking a block in Zhongyuan Oilfield as an example, presented the single-well production limit of different dimensions of management such as the complete cost, the producing cost, and the operating cost, classified the benefit of single well, put forward corresponding measures, and increased economic production of reservoir, providing basis for the producing decisions made about reservoir management.

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Practice of Development and Training Mode of Supervision Talents in CNOOC Yang Li-ping 2012, 31(4): 34-37.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (1888KB) ( )   In order to improve the level and effect of development and personnel planning for supervision in CNOOC, a targeted research of training mode and an efficient training program have been carried out according to the professional classification and job orientation of the supervision staff. In this paper, it lists three types of core training model: first of all, based on the training needs of competency, it develops and implements specific training and development program, meanwhile it evaluates the implementation effect of training. In order to ensure personnel development plan featured with scientific and technological competitiveness and long-term stability, this paper presented proven measures for talent development. The development and training mode explored by Supervision & Technology Company has achieved good results in the five-year practice, which is sure to provide a good reference and guidance for other companies.

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Discussion on Internal Control of Oilfield Scientific Research Institutes Sun Jian-min, Li Jing-zhi, Li Yong-zhong 2012, 31(4): 38-40.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (1742KB) ( )   Internal control embodies the enhancement of risk management and the establishment of the risk management concept, that is, "risk exists anywhere and anytime". This paper analyzed some characteristics of oilfield scientific research institutes in terms of internal control, and introduced their specific doings in strengthening the construction of internal control system, according to the requirements of the Supporting Guidelines for Internal Control of Enterprises released by the Ministry of Finance and the Internal Control Manual of CNPC. It is regarded that internal control runs through the whole process of scientific research projects. Through highly effective research funds management, the research institutes could arrange and use all levels of scientific research investment reasonably, ensuring the range of scientific research funds utilization, reducing risk in research and development, and improving the management of scientific research projects.

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Good Academic Atmosphere Boosts Innovative Thinking Fu Cheng-de 2012, 31(4): 41-42.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.012 Abstract ( )   PDF (1589KB) ( )   This paper, based on the origin of recognition——thinking, discussed the necessary objective environment for technological innovation——freedom, democracy, and equality, and regarded that "the ability and level of scientific thinking is an important symbol of measuring the ability and qualities of scientific researchers". Good academic atmosphere plays an important role in and boosts science & technology innovative thinking. It was also pointed out that the petroleum industry featuring in integrative innovation of multiple disciplines and multiple specialties required for team work and collective research, so tolerance seemed to be especially important.

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Noteworthy Advanced International Petroleum Engineering Technology (I) Yang Jin-hua, Zhu Gui-qing, Zhang Huan-zhi, Li Xiao-guang, Tian Hong-liang, Guo Xiao-xia 2012, 31(4): 43-50.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.013 Abstract ( )   PDF (25212KB) ( )   Efficient development of oil and gas resources, especially unconventional, deep-seated, deep-water and Arctic resources tends to be more dependent on technical progress, especially the progress in engineering technology. After entering into 21st century, foreign petroleum engineering technology developed very fast and a lot of important and advanced technology emerged. This paper summed up 18 items of technology, including the rotary and navigation drilling technology, the pressure-regulated drilling technology, the deep-water drilling technology, the intelligent drill pipe technology, the continuous tripping technology, the continuous-cycle rig technology, and the collapsible and continuous casing technology. All the emerging technologies worth high attention from Chinese petroleum industry.

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Preliminary Study on UK Law Regime on Decommissioning of Offshore Petroleum Facilities and Enlightenment to China Liu Xue-fei 2012, 31(4): 51-55.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.014 Abstract ( )   PDF (2050KB) ( )   With the development of the offshore petroleum industry, it is urgent to establish the related law regime. In this paper, the author introduced the UK law regime on decommissioning of offshore petroleum facilities, including the 1998 Petroleum Act and Department's Guidance Notes. After comparing with the relevant law regime in China, the author made some proposals on improvement of legislation on decommissioning of offshore petroleum facilities in China, including acknowledging China's obligation in international law, clarifying responsible governmental authority and its duties, setting up the selection criteria of decommissioning measures and improving the decommissioning program and procedure. In addition, the author provided some advices to Chinese oil and gas companies, which recommended that the legal risk and costs factor with respect to the decommissioning be seriously considered for the investment on the offshore oil and gas fields.

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Research on Petrobras Investment Strategy Liu Xiao-cheng, Guo Zhen-yu 2012, 31(4): 56-60.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.015 Abstract ( )   PDF (2048KB) ( )   Petrobras is one of the highly professional, the most successful and most prominent state owner oil companies. This paper introduced the basic situation of the company, analyzed its investment strategy in recent years, and forecasted the future investment strategy and tendency. Investment strategy actually reflects strategic intent. In recent years the company's investment strategy could be summarized into four aspects: priority upstream and multiple business; technology innovation and development of deep sea; independence and development of shipping; international expanding and consolidating advantages.

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Gel Valve Liu De-ji, Yin Yu-chuan, Chen Chao, Sun Zhong-jie, Wang Tao, Wu Di, Li Xiao-hui, Zhu Hong-shuang 2012, 31(4): 61-62,67.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.016 Abstract ( )   PDF (3803KB) ( )   Conventionally, casing valve was used for underbalanced completion. But it cost a lot and could not achieve underbalanced completion once failed. So gel valve was studied. This is an intelligent chemical colloid for underbalanced completion. Once gelatinized in borehole, it has certain strength and can withstand compression performance. It can play the isolation effect and prevent liquid which is in the well into the reservoir. It can form static sealing in the wellhole and form dynamic seal with the completion tube, then control the oil and gas overflow. After well completion, it can achieve gel breaking liquefaction, and use nitrogen or water return discharge. The product adapts to the temperature between 55℃ and 100℃ and bearing pressure from 2 MPa to 5MPa. Now gel valve technology has been applied to oil and gas wells. The types of underbalanced completion include hanger screen pipe completion and open-hole completion, with the success rate reaching 100%. Gel valve can not only ensure successful underbalanced completion, but can also reduce the cost remarkably. It is significant to enriching underbalanced drilling technique connotation and expanding underbalanced drilling technology.

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Advanced CATTS101 Sealing Lubricant of Thread Tian Feng, Wang Yao-guang, Shangguan Feng-shou 2012, 31(4): 63-64.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.017 Abstract ( )   PDF (1602KB) ( )   Traditional API lubricant of thread is oil based, containing heavy metal and other non biodegradable filler. It does not only pollute the environment, but is also harmful to human body. As drilling and production condition becomes more and more difficult, the use of common API lubricant of thread is not ideal for high-temperature and high-pressure gas wells. The advanced sealing lubricant of thread CATTS101 is a polymer matrix, continuing mica, special graphite powder and other inorganic materials, combined with modern adhesive technology. Through laboratory tests and application in many oilfields, it is shown that CATTS101 has good sealing property, can prevent high-pressure fluid and gas, is impervious to chemical attack, and can bear high-temperature "baking". It expands API thread casing application. CATTS101combined with API casing work in some oil and gas fields can replace the expensive special thread casing. This does not only meet the technical requirements of oilfields, but also greatly reduces the cost of oilfield development.

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AC Variable-frequency Drilling Rig Li Wen-biao, Wang Hong-bing, Yang Zhong-xing, Li Jian 2012, 31(4): 65-67.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.018 Abstract ( )   PDF (1751KB) ( )   AC variable-frequency drilling rig is developed to meet the oilfield deep-well exploration and development needs. The parameters are in line with SY/T5609-1999 "drilling rig types and basic parameters", and the main parts conform to API standards, meeting and adapting to drilling conditions and process requirements of the land, desert, shoals and other areas at home and abroad, applicable for 4(1/2) in drill pipe and drilling depth between 4000m and 7000m oil and gas exploration and development. In actual use, the AC variable-frequency drilling rig is fully affirmed by users for its advanced property, safety and reliability, high degree of automation to meet the HSE requirements. Technical performance and reliability of the drilling rig have reached the international advanced level. Successful development of the series of drilling rig reflects China's ability in rig innovation, expands the influence of our drilling rig, and enhances the overall strength of our oil equipment manufacturing. Significant economic and social benefits have been made.

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Downward Offset Barbell Walking Beam Pumping Unit Bian Hong-wei 2012, 31(4): 68-69,72.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.019 Abstract ( )   PDF (4156KB) ( )   Downward offset barbell walking beam pumping unit is similar to conventional one. It just adds a barbell in the end of walking beam, and balance the well load with the crank together, reducing the reducer peak torque and making torque curve more uniform. This paper introduced the structure, special techniques, technical parameters, working principle, lab experiment, field test and application of the pumping unit, and pointed out that it could save energy better and was applicable for mid-deep oil production.

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Submersible Electric Pump for Deep and Heavy Oil Well Wu Pin, Zhou Hai, Liu Yang, Wei Xiang-hui, Fu Peng 2012, 31(4): 70-72.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2012.04.020 Abstract ( )   PDF (1879KB) ( )   Tarim Oilfield is characterized by ultra-deep reservoir and ultra-heavy crude oil. So heavy oil here has gel asphalt deposition and high frictional resistance. In addition, the temperature is high in bottom hole, as a result the conventional submersible electric pumps are superheated and overloaded as well as easily stuck. This may result in shorter life, frequent operation and soaring oil production cost. For this, Bohai Equipment Zhongcheng Machinery developed and designed deep and heavy oil well submersible electric pumps, developed high-power and high temperature resistant electric motors, and improved their cooling performance. The company also designed and applied full-flow-channel leaves resistant to heavy oil and support diverter cover technology, fulfilling long-lifetime production of deep and heavy oil well electric pumps. The successful development of such pumps fills the blank of domestic like products.