关键词: 碳达峰, 碳中和, 低碳转型路径, 技术布局

Abstract: China strives to reach the peak of carbon dioxide emission before 2030 and bring about carbon neutrality before 2060. These efforts are of great significance to China in acceleration o f the economic and social development and green transition, realization of high-quality development, and building the nation into socialist modern power. To reach carbon peak and carbon neutrality, China should fully transform its energy system, rapidly reduce carbon emission related to the energy system after the carbon peak, accelerate reduction of coal consumption and increase of non-fossil energy substitutes, coordinate the efforts for the goals at various stages, and simultaneously promote electrification of end energy consumers and low-carbonization of the electric power sector. From the technological prospective, the carbon peak should be reached at high quality with sustainable economic and social development taken into account during the peak-reaching period (prior to 2030). The achievements from the carbon peak should be consolidated with distribution of the new-type low-carbon frontier technology during the platform period (2030-2035). It is necessary to accelerate decarbonizing pace and make a large-scale use of CCUS technology in the declining period (2035-2060). Meanwhile, the efforts should be strengthened for research and development of frontier and disruptive technology. This study proposes a number of countermeasures, such as establishing and perfecting the policy system of energy demand-side energy-saving and low-carbon transition, perfecting energy supply-side clean low-carbon guarantee mechanism, and establishing a more active policy environment for carbon utilization, thus providing theoretical references for further research on the carbon peak and carbon neutrality development strategy.