油田光热利用技术路线及解决方案研讨

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-302X.2024.01.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在全球气候危机及全国“双碳”目标下，油气田企业加快绿色转型发展，推进低碳化油气生产。化石燃料占油气田生产过程能耗70%以上，光热利用是油气田清洁热力替代的主要方向。通过对工业光热应用领域各种主动式太阳能集热技术特点进行对比，分析油田多种用热环境的温位需求，认为光热技术多样性与油田用热需求多样性具有较高的匹配度。围绕油田多种用热环境，分析了单井拉油热电联供、小规模光热高效替代、大规模光热系统互联共享、复杂用热环境下光热梯级利用等多元化技术路线。针对光热项目在油田落地难度大的问题，从项目筛选、规模确定、系统设计、协同优化、能源管控等方面给出实施路径。油田光热利用方案制定中，因地制宜制定逐步清洁替代顺序是提高替代效益的关键，上下游系统思维及运行策略优化是设计方案优化的前提，严谨的可比性及全生命周期评估是多方案优选的基础，开展各种用热环境的研究实践是提高方案质量的重要路径。建议油田企业在实践中逐步深化认识，持续优化光热利用方案，规模化推动方案落地，进一步推动油气与新能源融合发展。

关键词: 油田, 光热利用, 清洁替代, 低碳化, 解决方案

Abstract: Under global climatic crisis and China’s “carbon peak and carbon neutrality” goals, the oilfield enterprises accelerated development towards green transformation to promote low-carbon oil and gas production. Fossil fuels accounted for more than 70 percent of energy consumed for oilfield oil and gas production. Solar-thermal application was the main direction in clean thermal power at oilfields. This paper compares the various characteristics of active solar thermal collection technology in the solar thermal industrialized application field and analyzes the temperature demands for the various oilfield thermal application environments,concluding that the diversity of solar-thermal technology is highly matched with the diversity of oilfield thermal energy application demands. Elaborating the various environments for oilfield thermal energy consumption, the paper also analyzes multi-element technological pathways, such as single-well oil extracting cogeneration, high-efficiency solar-thermal replacement on a small scale, interconnection and sharing of a large-scale solar-thermal system, and solar-thermal gradient application under the complicated thermal energy consuming environment. Focusing on the bottlenecks for solar-thermal application at oilfields, it comes up with the application pathways in such areas as selection of projects, determination of scales, design of system, optimization of synergy and energy regulation. As for formulation of the oilfield solar-thermal application plan, determination of the order for gradual clean replacement according to the local conditions holds the key to improving performance of replacement. Systematic mindset based on both upstream and downstream businesses and optimization of operational strategy are the preconditions for optimization of the design scheme. Rigorous comparability and estimation of the service life period are the basis for selection from a number of plans.The study and practice of the various thermal consuming environments are the important pathways for improving the quality of plans.It is proposed that oilfield enterprises should gradually improve their understanding in the practice, sustainably optimize the thermal energy application plans, accelerate execution of the plans and further promote oil and gas development in harmony with new energy.

Key words: oilfields, solar-thermal application, clean replacement, low carbon, solutions

中图分类号:

吕莉莉, 徐源, 付勇, 侯博文, 成婷婷, 刘宏彬. 油田光热利用技术路线及解决方案研讨[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2024, 43(1): 50-58.

Lv Lili, Xu Yuan, Fu Yong, Hou Bowen, Cheng Tingting, Liu Hongbin. Technological Pathway and Solution for Oilfield Solar-thermal Application[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology Forum, 2024, 43(1): 50-58.

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