Abstract: As an indispensible technology to support petroleum engineering, drilling fluid technology has experienced an centuryold development history, turning into a multifunctional and multi-chemical system capable to handle the extreme conditions (such as abnormal high temperature and abnormal high pressure) from its preliminary natural dispersing system. Borehole wall-stabilizing technology is always the key factor to influence drilling fluid technological development. Wall stability, as a fundamental factor, has an impact on new material development and process technological improvement. The study of wall stability is mostly focused on drilling fluid system, process and materials, stress balancing technology and influence of energy changes on wall stability. As computer technology and other technologies (such as nano technology) are combined with drilling fluid technology more and more closely, drilling fluid technology started to see some development trends. The all-new conception to stress overall balance on the field is now around the corner, accelerating China’s drilling fluid technological development

Key words: drilling fluid system, borehole stability, chemical restrain, process, materials, development trend

摘要： 钻井液技术作为石油工程必不可少的配套技术,经历了一个世纪的发展历程,从最初的自然分散体系发展到现在具备多项技术功能和极端情况(如异常高温、异常高压)处理能力的多种化工体系,井壁稳定技术一直是影响钻井液技术发展变化的核心因素,新材料研发与工艺技术的进步始终受到保持或提高井壁稳定能力这一基本要素的影响。围绕井壁稳定需求进行的相关研究多集中在钻井液体系、工艺材料、应力平衡技术以及能量变化对井壁稳定性影响的研究等方面。随着计算机技术及其他工业技术(如纳米技术)与钻井液技术结合程度的不断加深,钻井液技术呈现出一些变化趋势,现场作业中强调整体性平衡的全新技术思想也初露端倪,以推动我国钻井液技术的快速发展。

关键词: 钻井液体系, 井眼稳定, 化学抑制, 工艺, 材料, 发展趋势