Abstract: Offshore heavy oil development faces a huge challenge thanks to a number of restraining factors, such as large hole spacing, imperfect well pattern, limited space of platform, limited hoisting and operational capacity, and high offshore HSE requirements. It is of great urgency to adopt effective production technology for development of offshore low-quality heavy oil. This paper provides a panorama of low-quality heavy oil development technology both at home and abroad. Based on the analysis of China’s offshore heavy oil development technology, the paper points out that China’s offshore conventional heavy oil development is successful in terms of the technology used for adjustment of comprehensive oilfield development and the technology used to keep production stable and control water cut. A workable technological family has been established despite some development and production technological issues. However, as for offshore low-quality heavy oil, it is difficult to achieve good results by using such methods as conventional cool flow production, sanding and cool flow production and chemical huff-puff production. It is now making the efforts for thermal production technology. The pilot zone is established for thermal production and on-the-field experiment in an attempt to find the concrete and feasible methods for offshore low-quality heavy oil production.

Key words: offshore oilfield, low-quality heavy oil, conventional technology, thermal production technology

摘要： 海上油田稠油开发由于井距大、井网不完善、平台空间小、吊装能力和作业能力有限,以及海上健康安全环保要求高等条件限制而面临巨大的挑战,采用有效的开采技术来开发动用海上低品位稠油储量显得尤为迫切。介绍了国内外低品位稠油开发技术概况,对我国海上油田稠油开发技术进展进行了分析,认为我国海上常规稠油开发在油田开发综合调整技术和稳油控水技术方面取得了成功,尽管开发开采中还有很多技术问题,但已逐步建立起了可行的技术系列;而海上低品位稠油采用常规冷采、出砂冷采、化学吞吐等方法开采都难以取得较好效果,现正在探索热采开发技术。开辟了热采先导试验区进行现场试验研究,以期为海上油田低品位稠油开采寻找到具体可行的方法。

关键词: 海上油田, 低品位稠油, 常规技术, 热采技术