Abstract: Complicated mountainous area is characterized for large ups and downs in landform, complicated surface structure and steep subterranean structure. The traditional method for design of observation system uses the level surface and underground level layered homogenous medium as the assumed conditions. This makes the designed observation system unsuitable for seismic data acquisition in such region, causing low signal-noise ratio, poor structural imaging quality and difficult operation for acquisition. The software for design of real surface seismic observation system enables CRP folds to be focused on the target formations, uses remote sensing information to select and adjust line collocation, optimizes shot and receiver points, appraises operational safety risks in the work area, and designs the seismic operational routes, thus providing more scientific solutions for mountainous seismic data acquisition. The software was put into application in a number of areas. It lowered the operational difficulty by 50 percent, nearly doubled the acquisition efficiency and remarkably raised the data quality, effectively improving the imaging quality of the main position of mountainous steep structure.

Key words: seismic exploration, mountainous area, observation system

摘要： 复杂山地具有地形起伏大、表层结构复杂、地腹构造高陡的特点,而传统观测系统设计方法是以水平地表和地下水平层状均匀介质为假设条件,使得设计的观测系统不适合该类区域地震资料采集,造成所获资料信噪比低、构造成像质量差、采集施工困难等问题。复杂构造真地表地震观测系统设计软件利用CRP覆盖次数确定针对目标层的最优观测系统,利用遥感信息进行测线评价优选、激发与接收点逐点优化设计、工区安全风险评估与施工路线设计,从而为山地地震采集提供更加科学的解决方案。软件在多个地区进行了推广应用,施工难度可降低近一半,采集效率提高近一倍,资料质量得到明显改善,有效提高了山地高陡构造主体部位的成像质量。

关键词: 地震勘探, 山地, 观测系统