Abstract: Upward and downward current is stable, and the indicator diagram does not change a lot during the normal operation of pumping wells. When the two dynamic parameters are abnormal, the working status of oil wells might be abnormal. At this moment, corresponding measures should be adopted to deal with the problem and make oil wells work well. This paper analyzed the variation characteristics of upward and downward current as well as indicator diagram, and their specific change when the belt was broken, the pumping rod was broken and lost, and the well was stuck. It pointed out that both current and indicator diagram should be combined to use, so as to diagnose working status of wells accurately.

Key words: pumping unit, upward and downward current, indicator diagram, abnormal working status

摘要： 抽油井在正常生产过程中,上、下行电流是平稳的,示功图形状变化也不大,当这两个动态参数发生异常时,很可能出现油井工况问题,此时,应采取相应措施进行处理,使油井生产恢复正常。文章分析了抽油机上、下行电流与示功图变化特点,并结合实例,分析了皮带断、抽油杆断脱、井卡等情况下上、下行电流与示功图的具体变化,指出实际操作中应两者结合判断,综合考虑,才能准确诊断油井工况。

关键词: 抽油机, 上、下行电流, 示功图, 工况异常