Abstract: In the past few years, the United States, which has the largest and most concentrated deposits of oil shale in the world, and several other nations which also have significant oil shale resources including Estonia, Israel and Turkey pay high attention to explore and develop oil shale resources. Several factors have contributed to this, including soaring oil prices, emerging recovery technologies, increasing global demand for liquid hydrocarbons and the steady decline in conventional oil resources. Since 2006, more than 25 petroleum companies have released new oil shale technologies successively. Proceeding from the perspectives of oil shale production technology and promoting its commercialization, this paper introduces such advanced oil shale production technologies as reducing water use, improving energy efficiency, emissions management, reducing surface impact, use and disposal of waste shale, and effective groundwater protection, indicating that it is feasible to produce oil by use of oil shale technically and economically.

Key words: oil shale, production technology, rock stratum heating

摘要： 由于油价的高位运行、再生技术的涌现、全球对液态碳氢化合物需求的增大以及常规石油资源的持续减少等原因,近年来,世界上油页岩储量最大、分布最为集中的美国以及拥有大量油页岩资源的爱沙尼亚、以色列和土耳其等国,均对油页岩资源的开发给予了足够的重视。自2006年以来,全球有25个石油公司陆续公布了他们在油页岩领域研究的新技术。本文从油页岩的开采工艺和促进其商品化两个角度出发,对减少用水、提高能量利用效率、治理排放物、降低对地表的影响、利用和处理废弃页岩以及保护地下水等相关的先进油页岩生产技术进行了介绍,并说明,用油页岩生产石油在技术和经济上都是可行的。

关键词: 油页岩, 开采技术, 岩层加热