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03 March 2023, Volume 42 Issue 1 Previous Issue   

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Discuss Path to National Strategic Scientific and Technological Strength Constructed by State-owned Petroleum Enterprises Tang Wei, Xu Peng, Du Dong, Wang Xiaolin 2023, 42(1): 1-8.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2023.01.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (1988KB) ( )   The independent ability of scientific and technological innovation is the key integral part of a nation’s comprehensive national power. To intensify the national strategic scientific and technological strength is a key path to accelerate scientific and technological independence and self-reliance and build the world’s scientific and technological power. Focusing on the related presentation and requirements released by the State about the national strategic scientific and technological strength, this paper analyses the connotations of the national strategic scientific and technological strength, identifies how the enterprises position in construction of the national scientific and technological strength, and puts forward the path and direction for the State-owned petroleum enterprises to construct the national scientific and technological strength. First of all, they should carry out the general plan for the national strategic scientific and technological strength and share the strategic scientific and technological missions in four areas -- engaging in the nation’s important strategic scientific and technological tasks and demonstration projects, taking the lead for establishment of the technological innovation union, constructing their own national key laboratories and involving themselves into construction of the nation’s regional innovation highland. Secondly, they should establish the corporate internal scientific and technological innovation system and improve their strategic scientific and technological ability in the following five areas -- enhancing their scientific and technological strategic plan, perfecting the scientific and technological R&D system,cultivating the strategic scientific and technological talents, establishing the organizational management model for scientific and technological innovation, and fostering the scientific and technological innovation culture.

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Contemplation on Division of Scientific and Technological Innovation Chain Inside State-owned Enterprises Wang Yuqin, Gao Bohao, Xue Yibing 2023, 42(1): 9-14.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2023.01.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (1888KB) ( )   Scientific and technological innovation has become the main battlefield of international strategic game, with the competition for scientific and technological superiority unprecedentedly intensified. As the national teams for scientific and technological innovation, the State-owned enterprises are endowed with more and more important missions in this area. It is necessary to further overcome the in-depth bottlenecks of the scientific and technological innovation structuring mechanism. This paper studies and analyzes the problems existing in the research institutes and companies affiliated to the State-owned enterprises, such as unclear division of labor in the innovation and R&D chain, unclear positioning and lack of the systematic mechanisms and measures. According to this paper, the State-owned enterprises should internally clarify effective division of the scientific and technological innovation chain which is based on “leader + speciality, sophistication, uniqueness and novelty”. The affiliated research institutes, as “the leader”, are responsible for making the study of the “basic, frontier and major generic” technology. The affiliated companies, depending on their own business characteristics and research advantages, are responsible for making the R&D efforts for regional unique technology and promoting application of the mature scientific and technological achievements. Based on the management mechanism -- an integration of “research, application, popularization and conversion for higher performance”, the State-owned enterprises establish the platform for transformation of scientific and technological achievements for higher performance, creating the organizational pattern for scientific research, which is characterized for clear division of labor, reciprocal advantages and innovation synergy.

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Japanese Governmental Policies to Inspire Enterprises for Innovation and Its Enlightenment Zhang Yundong, Zhang Huanzhi, Qiu Maoxin, Si Jin, Liu Shuaiqi, Zhang Jiaming, Li Xiaoguang 2023, 42(1): 15-22.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2023.01.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (1199KB) ( )   Japan has the world’s first-class ability for technological innovation and a number of vigorous innovation-typed enterprises thanks to the energetic support from the government. The Japanese government was guided by “Basic Law of Science and Technology”, “Basic Plan for Science and Technology” and “Comprehensive Strategy of Science and Technology”. The government focused on four main relations -- the relation between the government and enterprises, the relations between the enterprise and its external units, the relations of the enterprise’s internal organizations, and the relations between the enterprise and its individuals. It also adopted a series of measures to inspire enterprises for innovation, such as the preferential taxation policies for deduction and exemption, the “production-university-government” collaborative system and support of the small and medium-sized enterprises. Based on some cases, this paper analyzes some methods for innovation vigor developed the Japanese enterprises under the guidance of the nation’s policies, including active participation and dominance of technological innovation collaboration on the basis of production, university and research institutes, innovation of the cooperation pattern among the enterprises and creation of corporate culture. To inspire China’s enterprise for innovation, it is proposed to formulate preferential taxation policies, take into account the factors of incremental volume and cooperative acquisition on the basis of the preferential taxation policies for the total volume, establish and perfect the new-type national system to bring about the coordinated innovation system integrated with “the government, production, university, research institute and application”, provide the technology-typed and initially-established small and medium-sized enterprises with gratuitous support for their original technological R&D activities, and finance the alliances of small and medium-sized enterprises to improve their independent innovation ability in the special ized and sophisticated-divided market field.

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New Progress and Outlook of China’s Oil and Gas Exploration and Development Pan Jiping 2023, 42(1): 23-31.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2023.01.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (2124KB) ( )   The petroleum enterprises have continually increased the oil and gas reserves and production in recent years. They enlarged investment, increased the working intensity and strengthened oil and gas exploration and productivity construction, thus making better-than-expected achievements and performance. There are seven oilfields with the newly-found and newly-added reserves exceeding 100 million tons nationwide since 2019, while there are eight gas fields with the newly-found and newly-added reserves exceeding 100 billion cubic meters. There are two newly-found onshore shale oilfields with the reserves exceeding 100 million tons. A strategic breakthrough has been made in exploration of deep-layer shale gas and deep-layer CBM, confirming the trillion-cubic-meter deep-layer shale gas zone and discovering the giant shallow-layer shale gas field. China’s annual average newly-added proven original oil in place reached 13.61×108t while the annual average newly-added proven conventional natural gas in place amounted to 8867×108m3. The oil production rose to about 2.05×108t in 2022, exceeding 2.0×108t again after six years, while the natural gas production grew to about 2178×108m3, better than the task set for increase of the reserves and production at the current stage. Based on analysis of the potential oil and gas resources, China will keep the trend of its domestic oil and gas exploration and development in the medium and near terms for increase of reserves and production in the next four years. The newly-additional oil and gas reserves are kept growing at a high level. The oil production is kept stable and growing at the high level while the natural gas production is fast on the rise. From the long- and medium-term point of view, the proven oil and gas reserves are expected to rise at a high level on a long-term basis. The oil production will gradually go down from the high level but it can hopefully kept stable at more than 2.0×108t for a long term. The natural gas production will be on the rise for a long period of time and expected to reach 3300-3500×108m3 by 2035. China’s ability for the domestic oil and gas production and supply will be generally on the rise. To turn the prospect into the reality, it is necessary for the enterprises to make active response to the challenges and keep their strategic strength to intensify oil and gas exploration and development. Meanwhile, it is also necessary for the State to guide and support by means of policies so as to create the policy environment favorable for increase of reserves and production.

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Estimate Progressive Sharing of Scientific and Technological Innovative Benefits in Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation Area He Chunlei, Jiang Ruyi, Gu Sui, Liu-Shen Aoyi, Li Jia, Zhang Chengdong 2023, 42(1): 32-40.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2023.01.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (2172KB) ( )   Rapid development of oil & gas storage and transportation business calls for higher requirements of technological innovation. Scientific quantification of economic benefits from conversion and application of the scientific and technological innovative achievements has become a main bottleneck and an important subject for incentive innovation and innovation-driven development. With the reference of the theories, such as distribution of elements, shared economy and benefit sharing, and based on the value contribution and performance achieving method of scientific and technological innovative results and the basic structural class and sequence of technology in the oil & gas storage and transportation area, the method is established to evaluate progressive sharing of scientific and technological innovative benefits. The study indicates that (1) the general economic benefits achieved from conversion and application of oil and gas scientific and technological innovation are the synergies of the production elements, such as capital, labor,technology and management. (2) The benefit sharing rate of oil & gas storage and transportation scientific and technological innovation is the core parameter determined by the key parameters, such as the basic value for sharing of technological elements, the base for progressive benefit sharing of technological elements and the strength coefficient of technological innovation. (3) The three-level progressive sharing base for technological elements is the key tool to bring about progressive benefit sharing. (4) the sharing proportion of a single item of technology is closely related to the performance-creating ability of technological innovation itself and the technological stages. The practice shows that this method can solve the problem of quantifying the economic values of oil & gas storage and transportation technological elements from the general technology to a single item of technology, providing support for development of oil & gas storage and transportation scientific and technological innovation.

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Efforts to Bring Management of Oil and Gas Industrial Scientific and Technological Research Projects under Digital Transformation Yang Yang, Jia Junjun, Yang Fang, Ma Rui 2023, 42(1): 41-45.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2023.01.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (2028KB) ( )   To fully carry out the new development conceptions of CNPC, the Tubular Goods Research Institute strengthened the efforts for reform and innovation, improvement of the quality for higher efficiency and digital transformation. Based on the full project management, the research institute used quantitative examination of scientific and technological achievements and fund expenditure as the incentive measure, established the full project management system, and brought about the “dual-wheel driven” model of the “two mechanisms and one platform” and digital transformation. Oriented at “value creator”, this system adopted the data visual analysis, established the databank and archives of the project as well as the technological and economic accounts of the project and its members, with the functions to manage the project, achievements, budget, fund and process. It quantified the technological levels and abilities of the related staff, reflected the economic performance of the project and provided the information platform support for the examination and incentive mechanism for project performance and optimization of the scientific and technological innovation system.

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Analysis of Changqing’s Way to Strengthen Asset Management of Oil and Gas Reserves Zhan Sha, Han Xu, Gao Yi, Zhou Hu, Yang Zhaolin 2023, 42(1): 46-52.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2023.01.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (2080KB) ( )   Changqing Oilfield is rich in oil and gas resources, but the grade of the reserves is relatively low. Unconventional oil and gas reservoirs become an important replacement area for construction of productivity. With the national oil and gas restructuring accelerated, royalty protection and high-efficiency development become the important issue for high-quality oilfield development. It is necessary to change the management method for reserves and establish the asset management system of oil and gas reserves, shifting the emphasis of production business to performance of the reserve assets from the scales of reserves and production. Currently, Changqing Oilfield has a number of problems in reserve management, such as the failure to establish the management conception focusing on the reserve assets, poor performance of the low-permeability and unconventional reserve assets, lack of in-depth integration of the reserve assets with oil and gas assets management, a high uncertainty for value estimation of the undeveloped reserves and the urgency to establish the reserve assets management system. To strengthen asset management of oil and gas reserves, it is proposed that Changqing Oilfield should attach importance to increase of reserves,improve development technology and control operational cost, bring reserve assets and oil and gas assets under coordinated and dynamic management, enhance classification and evaluation of undeveloped reserves, energetically promote asset management of shale oil reserves, and establish a team for integrated asset evaluation and management of oil and gas reserves.

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Fault Diagnosis Method of Logging Onboard Data Center Equipment Based on Bayesian Network Xia Dakun, Shu Huan, Gao Lingyun, Wu Deyin, Gong Yuming, He Dongyang, Chen Maoke 2023, 42(1): 53-60.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2023.01.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (2565KB) ( )   The fault diagnosis method based on Bayesian network (BN) is proposed for the logging onboard data center equipment. Meanwhile, the BN model for fault diagnosis is established to allow the logging onboard data center equipment to came under intelligent diagnosis. In the process of building the BN model, the knowledge reduced and simplified method based on the rough set is adopted to simplify the failure nodes put forward by experts. The BN structure is initially constructed on the basis of experts’ knowledge, with the K2 learning algorithm used for BN optimization. Combined with the experience and knowledge of experts, the EM algorithm is used to learn the parameters for BN, thus acquiring the fault -diagnosed BN model of the logging onboard data center equipment. The BN model is used to diagnose the fault cases while the historical data are based to verify the BN model. The results indicates that the model has a higher correction rate of diagnosis and the ability to provide the basis for rapidly positioning and precisely diagnosing the fault of the logging onboard data center equipment.

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Data Analysis-based Technology for Early-warning and Diagnosis of Equipment Failure Used in Gas-fired Power Plant He Hong, Ruan Hang 2023, 42(1): 61-66.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2023.01.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (2383KB) ( )   Progress is continuously made in big data, artificial intelligence and edge computing. The advantages of using the data-based analysis model of early-warning and diagnosis of equipment failure for auxiliary maintenance are gradually appearing at the gas-fired power plant. The AI early-warning and diagnosis model for equipment failure depends on a unified cloud platform, which covers various kinds of main and auxiliary equipment in the systems of gas turbine, steam generator, boiler and electricity. Big data analysis technology and AI algorithm mainly include piecewise function, multiple regression and in-depth neural network. Based on the real-time and historical data of various systems and equipment at the gas-fired power plant, the model combines the business-related data with the experiences of experts inside the power plant to bring about early warning of deteriorating equipment parameters. Based on the application case of the AI model at the gas-fired power plant, this paper elaborates and analyzes the modelling process, design of the input and output parameters, selection of the training prototype, early-warning information and diagnosis of failures. The AI early warning and diagnosis model for equipment failure can be used to monitor operation of the units in real time and make warning and diagnosis at the early stage of equipment abnormality and failure, maintaining operational safety of the units.

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Fine Water Flooding Efficiency Improvement Technology for Low-permeability Reservoirs and Its Application Zhao Liang, Zou Cunyou, Guo Yanhua, Han Jie, Wang Hui 2023, 42(1): 67-76.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2023.01.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (4055KB) ( )   Low-permeability reservoirs are characterized for dense lithology, fine pore throat, low pressure coefficient, and development of natural fractures. Water injection development come across some problems, such as low single-well production, rapid production decline and weak basis for stable production. The reservoirs are serious in heterogeneity with low producing degree and low displacing degree. It is easy for water flooding and channeling, leading to low oil production rate and production factor. To overcome those problems, the fine reservoir description technology has been developed thanks to tenacious research. The technology, matched with the fine layered water injection process, is successfully applied to development of low-permeability reservoirs. Fine reservoir description serves as the basis for adoption of fine water flooding, mainly including fine characterization of single sand body, fine characterization of fractures, and fine characterization of micro pore structure of reservoir. Fine water flooding includes well pattern infill and adjustment technology, fine layered water injection technology, intelligent layered water injection technology, nano micro-ball flooding adjustment technology and mild advanced water injection technology. It can settle the contradiction of imbalance between low-permeability water injection development level and vertical water-injecting production, thus effectively improving the production factor. Mild advanced water injection technology is of great importance to overcoming the contradictions among opening of fractures, fracturing of formations and starting of pressure gradient, making the formation pressure kept under a relatively stable state and in favor of extending the stable production period of oilfields. As compared to conventional water flooding, fine water flooding technology is expected to improve the production factor of low-permeability reservoirs by more than 5 percent.

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Analysis on Typical Cases of Offshore Oil and Gas Exploration Breakthrough and Its Enlightenment Shi Lei, Li Fuheng, Guo Yuanling, Li Zhi 2023, 42(1): 77-85.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2023.01.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (2332KB) ( )   It is more and more difficult to make an important discovery owing to increasingly high degree of onshore exploration. There is an inevitable trend for oil and gas exploration to extend into the offshore area. It is of vital strategic significance to accelerate breakthrough in new offshore areas and bring about orderly replacement of resources. This paper analyzes the exploration process of two important offshore discoveries -- Qinhuangdao 32-6 oilfield in the Bohai Bay Basin and Tamar gas field in the Levant Basin. It also elaborates the guiding principles, deployment mindset and methods in each exploration stage and discusses the factors restricting the discoveries from being made and the changes in geological theories and mindset that lead to the exploration breakthroughs. The results indicated that discovery of oilfields in the Bohai Bay was restricted by blind pursuit of the hot spots and failure of being guided by the appropriate theory. Therefore, some measures were taken in the exploration area, such as making an objective analysis of the reservoir characteristics, changing the mindset, regarding the Neogene as the main targeted formation and locating the uplift surrounded with the sourcing sags and its pitching zone as the main exploration orientation, thus accelerating the important discovery of Qinhuangdao 32-6 oilfield. Discovery of Tamar gas field in the Levant Basin was attributed to the new knowledge about the reservoir provenance and low-maturity biogas as well as high investment in exploration. The study indicates that identification of the accumulation law is the internal dynamic factor for the important discovery, exploration of the deepwater frontier area in particular. The subversive understanding of the key accumulation elements holds the key to the breakthrough while continuous and stable investment in exploration is a precondition to accelerate the breakthrough in the new offshore area.