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26 September 2018, Volume 37 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Significant Exploration Progress and Resource Potential of Unconventional Oil and Gas in China Kang Yuzhu 2018, 37(4): 1-7.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2018.04.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (1082KB) ( )   In recent years, with the rapid growth of shale oil and gas production in the United States, China’s unconventional oil and gas exploration and development has also made important progress, especially the production of unconventional natural gas such as tight gas, shale gas and coalbed methane, which has exceeded 1/3 of total natural gas production. Among them, shale gas has the most development potential and it will make the main contribution for the growth of natural gas production in the next 5-10 years. Tight gas and coalbed methane will also develop steadily; and tight oil exploration and development has already taken shape. The shale oil and oil shale resources have great potential and they are important backup replacement resources. However, China lacks of enough understanding of the important role of shale oil and oil shale (source rock) and their exploration and development potential, making source rock exploration stay in the early stage of exploration. It is suggested to increase the resource potential evaluation for the key basins (layers) such as the Qingshankou Formation- Nenjiang Formation in the Songliao Basin and the Ordos Basin, and to intensify their exploration and development experiments research for the early accomplishment of Chinese “Shale Revolution”, and make unconventional oil and gas become important replacement for the growth of oil and gas reserves and production of China.

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One of Key Points for China’s International Energy Cooperation Strategy-- Energy Technology, Energy Network Sharing and Green Development Xu Qinhua 2018, 37(4): 8-12.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2018.04.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (1012KB) ( )   China’s international energy cooperation is now in the transition from traditional energy to new energy and renewable energy. The country’s energy strategic cooperation with different regions and nations have different characteristics: China’s cooperation with the Middle Eastern nations is always focused on the oil and gas area and kept on a large scale. The Chinese-Russian cooperation is concentrated in the areas of coal, petroleum, natural gas and electric power. Of the five Central Asian countries, China has a number of traditional cooperation projects in the three oil and gas enriched nations of Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. The China-Africa cooperation is also concentrated in the traditional energy areas of coal, oil and gas. Accompanied with friction and competition, China’s cooperation with the Asia-Pacific nations is under slow development. The China-Europe traditional energy cooperation is concentrated in coal industry and stable oil and gas supplies, with the oil and gas area being in transition to energy adjustment from trade. New energy has gradually become the focus of cooperation. The Sino-US cooperation is mainly based on new energy. International energy strategic cooperation is developing towards “energy technology and energy network sharing and green development.” China is strengthening cooperation with Europe and the United States for energy technology. Global energy Internet made a breakthrough first in the Asia-Pacific region. With the advantages of its green technology and cost, China will be committed to the green and low-carbon objective for global energy adjustment.

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Value-based Management Transformation of Chinese Oil Enterprises Qu Yufang, Yan Fei, Xu Dong, Chen Yu 2018, 37(4): 13-18.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2018.04.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (1049KB) ( )   Value-based management (VBM) is a scientific management tool and method system to maximize the value of an enterprise. It is widely used in internationally famous enterprises. Transformation of profit-centered management into value-centered management is an important prerequisite for China’s oil companies to become international first-class energy firms. Based on the VBM connotations and characteristics, the paper elaborates the latest VBM theoretical developments in foreign countries. According to this paper, the key point of VBM is cash flow management while the difficult point is management of value drivers, the core is management of process and the essential is management of personnel. Currently, China’s oil companies face a series of problems in their VBM execution, such as inadequate awareness of VBM strategic significance, a low level of management tool development and informatization, emphasis of financial budget in the present budget management system, and profit-focused performance examination system, far from the outstanding value-based management. Therefore, it is proposed that China’s oil companies should enhance top-level design in VBM transformation to establish and implement the “one group three functions” management pattern, use the Internet + information technology to recreate the business flow, attach importance to specialized services to improve quality and efficiency of resources arrangement for the whole business chain, establish the comprehensive VBM-oriented budget management system, and expand the incentive mechanism for talents through a variety of channels.

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Innovation of Software Technology Promotion Pattern Zhao Ming 2018, 37(4): 19-22.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2018.04.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (1009KB) ( )   To accelerate promotion of technological achievements with our own independent intellectual property rights, China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) launched special projects for promotion of important technological achievements for the first time in 2014. In the four consecutive years since then, CNPC has completed the tasks for promotion of seven software technologies. Promotion of software was based on the principles of “select the best for support,” step-by-step implementation, demand-oriented popularization and emphasis on actual performance. The efforts were focused on a series of measures, such as establishment of organizational system, implementation of management support, selection and recommendation, and emphasis of organization and execution, facilitating close combination between the technology provider and applier, between demonstration and field application and between production demand and technological support. Therefore, an effective working pattern has been established for promotion, ranging from “installation, demonstration, training and service to upgrading and perfection”. In the efforts to launch special projects for promotion of basin integrated simulation software system, CNPC allowed the technological achievements with its independent intellectual property rights to be applied on a large scale. It dramatically improved the core competitiveness of software technology, made remarkable performance in practice of innovation, and provided the experiences in the related areas in the future. This paper also proposes to simplify management of the assets and revenue from software achievements, establish the internal market trading mechanism for promotion and application, and concentrate efforts on integrated systems and big-name software, improving the technological achievement level.

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Comparison and Analysis of Chinese and Foreign Petroleum Technological Achievement Management Zheng Lihui, Yan Aimin, Li Zhonghui, Jin Long, Hu Xiaoyu, Zhao Wei 2018, 37(4): 23-31.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2018.04.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (1042KB) ( )   Some weak points exist in the management process of China’s petroleum technological achievement, such as shortage of information, a single way for achievement reward, and inadequate efforts for application and transformation. A total of more than 270 papers indicate that there is a great gap between China’s petroleum technological achievement management and its foreign counterpart in terms of management mindset and management method. Management of technological achievement in foreign countries is based on a follow-up of the whole process from project launching to application, while domestic management is only focused on appraisal of technological achievement. Spiritual reward and market examination are stressed in foreign countries after rewarding and transformation of technological achievement, while evaluation from experts are highlighted in China before rewarding and transformation. The analysis indicates that management of China’s petroleum technological achievement should start from project launch and keep an account of the whole research and development process of the achievement. Technological reward should be focused on encouragement of continuous and in-depth study of the achievement in pursuit of the ultimate objective for promotion of social and economic progress. The benefits acquired from transformation of achievement should be reasonably distributed to continually inspire the maker of achievement.

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Application and Influence of Artificial Intelligence in Petroleum Engineering Area Liu Wei, Yan Na 2018, 37(4): 32-40.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2018.04.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (2284KB) ( )   Study and application of artificial intelligence (AI) in the petroleum engineering area has a history of decades with the application scope covering a variety of links from management to exploration and development. Investigation of SPE specialized databank indicates that the enthusiasm for AI research has remained high in the petroleum engineering area since 2000. The number of published research papers has grown dramatically since 2010. In the area of management, the AIbased intelligent work flow develops into the cross-disciplinary work platform in collaboration of multiple links. The AI-based specialized management tools replace some of the employees while the AI-based assets management tools provide predicative maintenance with higher efficiency and accuracy. Application of various AI analysis methods for seismic data analysis lays a solid foundation for more accurate drilling. AI application for drilling design and service promotes drilling automation with higher safety and efficiency. AI application for reservoir development maximizes the production in the full oilfield service life period. Based on analysis of the successful application cases from oil companies and oilfield service companies, this paper analyzes the potential AI influence on work efficiency, investment performance, company’s organizational structure and work flow and industrial competition trend in the petroleum engineering area. Focusing on the main barriers for largescale commercialized AI application, such as credibility and confidentiality of data, this paper comes up with a series of measures, including making plans for research and development of related technology and equipment at an early time, studying interpretability AI technology and promoting standardized management of industrial data.

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Application of Big Data Analysis in Oilfield Production Geng Yuguang, Zhang Meng, Geng Yingjie, Xue Liangyu, Zhang Zhanmin, Gu Gongjie 2018, 37(4): 41-48.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2018.04.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (1615KB) ( )   Digital oilfield has accumulated a large amount of production data for petroleum enterprises. To take advantage of the precious resources, a series of studies were made in the areas of big data pre-treatment, data modeling, visualized display, factor analysis, optimization of plan, and on-site application. The efforts included establishment of the applicationoriented oilfield production big data analysis process, construction of the big data analysis model for the main businesses of oilfield production, and development of the oilfield production big data analysis platform and software in network version. The general configuration of the platform is divided into data source level, data platform level and application service level to satisfy the need of different job positions at the oilfield. A number of versions were released, such as basic version, analysis version and research version. This paper briefs about two application cases -- big data analysis aimed to reduce electricity consumption of oil pumping unit for lifting each ton of liquid for 100 meters and intelligent diagnosis of working conditions and early warning for pumping well. The cases show a good performance in saving energy, reducing cost, and improving production and efficiency. Big data analysis has been applied in H Oilfield for three years, with the additional turnover (including additional oil production) accumulated to 340 million yuan and the additional profit (including additional oil production and reduction of spending) accumulated to 280 million yuan. It provided powerful support for high-efficiency management of production and optimization of operation at the oilfield.

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Influence of “ZTE Incident” on Independent Innovation Ability of Chinese Enterprises Gong Xiaojun 2018, 37(4): 49-54.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2018.04.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (1021KB) ( )   It can be seen from the “ZTE Incident” that lack of independent innovation capability may be the fatal weakness of some Chinese enterprises in the areas of core technology and key components. Based on the experience from Japan, the United States, Republic of Korea and Europe in the integrated circuit industrial development and the changes in the US policies towards China in recent years, this paper points out that it is of great urgency for many Chinese companies to improve their independent innovation ability. In the area of independent creativeness, the enterprises should abandon the dogma of anarchism proposed by some domestic economists and bring into full play the role of the government and other organizations in frontier technology, common industrial technology and other important technological development. It is necessary to promote innovative synergy among the domestic technological innovative entities of all kinds, emphasize collaborative innovation among the internal departments of large-scale conglomerates, and enhance extension and popularization of the new scientific methods in technological innovation. Those measures are of vital importance to improvement of enterprises’ independent innovation capability.

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Observe Strategic Trend for Future Energy from “CERAWeek” Wan Hong, Lu Ruquan, Shan Weiguo, Jiang He, Zhang Zhen, Wang Xi, Hu Yong, Jiang Ping 2018, 37(4): 55-61.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2018.04.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (922KB) ( )   A fundamental consensus was reached at the 37th CERAWeek: Oil demand will grow strongly in the years to come, with oil and gas remaining as the mainstay for future energy. However, energy transformation is an inevitable trend. As clean energy, natural gas will continue to lead fossil energy development with the demand rising mainly in Asia. Technological and management innovations will exert huge and substantial influence on energy industry while oil companies optimize their assets restructuring and beef up strategic cooperation. Global offshore and deepwater oil and gas industry will bottom out. Deterioration of the energy geopolitical situation brings the oil and gas market some uncertain factors. The United States comes up with the proposition and development of “New Realism of Energy”. It is proposed that China’s oil companies should enhance the study of energy transformation, formulate a feasible energy transformation strategy, and accelerate integration of technological innovation between the traditional area and the cross-disciplinary areas. Meanwhile, they should also enhance the study of US “New Realism of Energy” policy and energy geopolitics and take the current opportunity of LNG buyer’s market to sign long-term LNG trade contracts at an appropriate time.

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Global Renewable Energy Development Trend Gao Hui, Yang Yan, Jiao Jiao, Qiu Maoxin, Liu Zhixin, Zhao Xu 2018, 37(4): 62-67.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2018.04.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (1909KB) ( )   Global renewable energy industry has been under sustainable and rapid development in recent years. The scale of this industrial development and its proportion to energy consumption are beyond some of the previous forecasts. In 2017, renewables accounted for 18.2 percent of the world’s total primary energy consumption, of which modern renewables made up for 10.4 percent. Renewables replace fossil fuels mainly in the areas of power and transport fuels. The world’s annual renewable generating capacity additions has exceeded the combined capacity additions of coal and natural gas power generation since 2014. Renewables accounted for 26.5 percent of global installed generating capacity, of which wind power and solar photovoltaic power are dominant. Wind power is most competitive in terms of overall production cost. The cost of photovoltaic power generation declined fastest between 2010 and 2017. Technological development in the areas of geothermal energy and biofuels was slow and the productivity grew slowly too. Investment in global renewable energy industry has fluctuated in recent years. The proportion of R&D input to the total investment was reduced, while mergers and acquisitions became more and more active in this area, reflecting the trend of maturity for the renewable energy industry.

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Analysis and Prospect for Current Conditions and Competition Situation of Global Geophysical Market Shi Zile, Shi Jicheng, Huang Yanlin, Feng Yongjiang, Li Jing 2018, 37(4): 68-76.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2018.04.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (1960KB) ( )   Global geophysical industry was on the decline in 2017 with the productivity remaining severely surplus. The losses of the main geophysical companies were still on the rise in spite of the growth in their revenues. In response to the industrial depression, the companies adjusted their strategies, restructured their debts, engaged themselves in low price competition and increased multi-user business. Global geophysical market competition was under a heterogeneous state with a mixture of market monopoly competition and comprehensive competition. The cost-effective high-efficiency aliasing acquisition technology and new-type intelligent nodular equipment were under rapid development in assurance of market competition. Looking into global geophysical industry, oil price rebounding will trigger higher investment for oil and gas exploration, further intensifying price competition. New technology and new equipment hold the key to market competition. Cost-effectiveness and high quality will become the directions for future development. To improve the Chinese geophysical companies’ overseas market competition, they should study the industrial technological development direction, increase investment for technological research, enhance multi-user business, reduce surplus productivity, and provide full industrial chain and integrated services for maximization of economic performance.