Abstract: The science and technology policies of the US government and the public research projects in the country’s natural gas industry have laid a solid technological foundation for the natural gas industrial development, non-conventional natural gas in particular. The support measures include approval of the related laws and regulations from the Congress, fund for research and development, preferential taxation policies, launch of research fund, and the related public research projects managed and supported by the federal government and its departments. The formulators and executors of the US natural gas industrial science and technology policies perform their own duties with mutual cooperation among the governmental departments. Meanwhile, public research projects and corporate research projects become complementary. The public-private cooperative pattern for technological research ensures the stability of research investment and smooth conversion of research results. These policies and measure are of great significance to China in formulation of its natural gas industrial science and technology policies.

Key words: the United States, natural gas industrial, science and technology policies, public research projects, effects

摘要： 美国国会和政府在天然气领域（尤其是非常规天然气）的科技政策支持和公共研发项目为该产业发展奠定了坚实的科技基础，促进了产业的良性发展。支持主要体现在国会审核与批准的相关法规、研究经费、税收优惠、成立研究基金，以及联邦政府及其下属机构管理和支持的相关公共研发项目等方面。美国天然气产业科技政策制定者与实施主体各司其职，政府各相关部门间相互合作，公共研发项目与企业研发项目实现互补。公私合作的科研模式保证了研发投入的稳定性及成果的顺利转化。这些政策和措施对我国天然气产业科技政策制定具有重要的借鉴意义。

关键词: 美国, 天然气, 产业科技政策, 公共研发项目, 影响