塔里木零碳沙漠公路建设探索与实践

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-302X.2024.01.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 塔里木沙漠公路是世界上连续穿越流动沙漠最长的公路，它的建成打通了塔里木盆地南北近500km的交通阻隔。因地处沙漠腹地，且水源井分布偏散等原因，沙漠公路沿线绿化防护带86口水源井无电网依托，只能用柴油发电机取水。在“双碳”目标下，塔里木油田启动沙漠公路零碳示范工程建设，利用沙漠地区优良的太阳能辐照条件，对柴油发电水源井进行改造，采用发电—汇流—降压—输电/存储工艺，运用光伏发电和电化学储能方式替代柴油消耗，沙漠公路沿线防护林使用绿电抽水浇灌。该示范工程总装机规模3410kW，年发电量约362×10⁴kW·h，CO₂年减排量达3254t，实现光伏发电、防沙固沙、沙漠治理有机结合，形成“板上发电、板下种植、治沙改土、水资源综合利用”多位一体的循环发展模式。沙漠公路已完全实现零碳排放，沿线油气开发和生态保护得到协调发展。

关键词: “双碳”目标, 塔里木, 沙漠公路, 光伏发电, 电化学储能, 零碳排放

Abstract: Tarim desert highway is the longest in the world to go through a flowing desert. Completion of this highway allows vehicles to travel nearly 500 kilometers from the north of the Tarim Basin to the south. Located in the hinterland of the desert with the water-source wells distributed sparsely, the desert is unable to depend on the power grid for 86 water-source wells along the line. Therefore, diesel engines are used for water supply. Under the “dual carbon” goal, Tarim Oilfield kicked off the zero-carbon desert highway demonstration project. The oilfield took advantage of the good solar energy radiation conditions in the desert area to bring the diesel-powered water-source wells under transformation. The power generation-collection of flows-reduction of pressure-power transmission/storage process was adopted to use photovoltaic power and electrochemical energy storage for replacement of diesel consumption. The prevention plants along the highway were irrigated with water pumped by means of green power. The total installed capacity of this demonstration reached 3410 kW and the annual power generation approached 362×10⁴kW·h. Meanwhile, the annual reduction of CO₂ emission reached 3254 tons, thus bringing about integration of photovoltaic power generation, sand prevention and solidification, and desert treatment and establishing the cyclic development model of multi-element integration of “power generation on the plate, plantation under the plate, sand control for earth modification and integrated utilization of water sources”. The desert highway is entirely brought under zero emission, allowing oil and gas development along the road in harmony with ecological protection.

中图分类号:

U418.9
TE08

雷霆, 陈亚兵, 赵冬立, 陶波, 冯伟, 马群. 塔里木零碳沙漠公路建设探索与实践[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2024, 43(1): 127-131.

Lei Ting, Chen Yabing, Zhao Dongli, Tao Bo, Feng Wei, Ma Qun. Study and Practice from Construction of Zero-carbon Desert Highway in Tarim[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology Forum, 2024, 43(1): 127-131.

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