Abstract: The efforts were focused on such problems as high temperature and high pressure (HTHP), shale borehole stability and lubricating drilling pipe in drilling deep wells, super-deep wells, complicated- structure wells and shale gas horizontal wells in the complicated formations. Modern molecular structure and design theory and methods were used for design and synthesis of core treatment agents, stressing the synergetic compatibility of chemical materials. As a result, the key chemicals for BH-OBM drilling fluid system were developed, such as primary emulsifier, wetting agent, rheological modifier, fatty amide-amine structure, and oily resin filtration reducer. Those chemicals formed BH-OBM drilling fluid system, including the oil-based drilling fluids of the full white oil, water-in-white-oil, full diesel and water-in-diesel series as well as the oil-based drilling fluid for shale gas formation. The temperature stability is up to 250℃ while the maximum density is up to 2. 40g/ cm3. BH-OBM has been used for more than wells in Tarim, Venezuela and Changning. Application results indicated this drilling fluid system is a good solution to a series of technological bottlenecks, such as borehole stability, barite sag, lubricating drilling pipes, borehole cleaning, and reservoir protection. It is of great significance to safety in quick drilling of hightemperature deep and super-deep wells and shale gas horizontal wells.

Key words: oil-based drilling fluid, borehole stability, HTHP well, shale gas, horizontal well

摘要： 为解决复杂地层深井超深井、复杂结构井和页岩气地层水平井钻井中遇到高温高压、页岩井壁失稳、润 滑钻具等问题, 应用现代分子结构设计理论与方法, 从核心处理剂设计与合成着手, 注重化学材料间的协同配伍性, 形成了具有脂肪酸酰胺基胺为主要结构特征的主乳化剂、辅助乳化剂、润湿剂、流型调节剂, 以及吸油膨胀可变形的 降滤失剂, 构建了全白油、白油包水、全柴油和柴油包水等系列油基钻井液和页岩气地层油基钻井液, 最高抗温 250℃, 最高密度2. 40g/ cm3; 可实现对不同地层的高效封堵, 现场应用50 余口井, 很好地解决了新疆塔里木、委内瑞 拉以及长宁页岩气等市场的井壁稳定、悬浮、润滑、井眼净化和储层保护等技术难题, 对高温深井超深井、页岩气地 层水平井的安全快速钻井具有重要的意义。

关键词: 油基钻井液; 井壁稳定; 高温高压井; 页岩气; 水平井