Abstract: Thanks to the need for the national energy transition, lithium resource is of greater and greater strategic importance to the areas of new energy vehicles and controllable nuclear fusion technology. Development of unconventional lithium resource (geothermal brine and oilfield brine) is of importance significance to alleviation of global lithium resource shortage. North America and European countries have made remarkable achievements in development of unconventional brine resource. China’s oil and gas field brine lithium extraction projects are still under the pilot stage and left behind as compared to the international advanced level. Based on analysis of the domestic and foreign geothermal and oilfield brine lithium extraction projects, this article compares the current conditions and differences in resource survey, product structure, technological roadway, industrial policies and capital operation in this area. The results indicate that China’s resource survey started late and and remained at a relatively low degree. In addition, the product structure needs to be perfected while the technological roadway is to be further optimized to improve the lithium productivity. In recent years, China has encouraged and supported oil and gas field brine lithium extraction in terms of industrial policies. The development capital is operated mainly by the State-owned enterprises like CNPC and Sinopec. It is proposed that the industrial leading enterprises should further enhance brine resource survey, accelerate development of direct lithium extraction technology, improve the brine-lithium product quality, and strengthen brine multiresource extraction and integrated utilization and research. It is also necessary to study the future industrial technology combined with controllable nuclear fusion technology to satisfy the future energy industrial demand and fulfill the green and low-carbon sustainable energy development objective.

Key words: lithium resource; oilfield brine; geothermal brine; lithium extraction technology; energy transition

摘要： 随着国家能源转型的需要，锂资源在新能源汽车和可控核聚变技术领域的战略价值愈发显著。非常规锂资源（地热卤水和油气田卤水） 开发对于缓解全球锂资源短缺具有重要意义。北美和欧洲国家在非常规卤水资源开发方面已取得显著进展，我国的油气田卤水提锂项目尚处于中试阶段，与国际先进水平存在一定差距。通过梳理国内外地热和油气田卤水提锂项目，比较资源勘查、产品结构、技术路线、产业政策和资本运作等方面的现状及差异，结果显示我国资源勘查起步晚且程度较低，产品结构有待完善，技术路线需进一步优化以提高锂的收率。近年我国在产业政策上鼓励和支持油气田卤水提锂，资本运作主要以中国石油和中国石化等石油央企开发为主。建议行业领军企业进一步加强卤水资源勘查，加快直接提锂技术开发，提升锂盐产品质量，加强卤水多资源提取和一体化综合利用研究，以及与可控核聚变技术结合的未来产业技术研究，以满足未来能源产业需求，实现绿色低碳可持续的能源发展目标。

关键词: 锂资源；油田卤水；地热卤水；提锂技术；能源转型