Abstract: China has continually made progress in shale oil exploration and development in recent years, thus enabling it to become important replacement resource for increasing crude oil reserves and production. Shale oil exploration and development has three main characteristics-“high investment in the initial stage, great difficulty for technology and high production cost”. Depending on the latest technological development and innovation and breakthrough in the market system and governmental regulation, the United States has successfully brought shale oil under commercial development. The US experience is of realistic reference to China’s largescale beneficial development of shale oil. Focusing on the characteristics of China’s continental sedimentation, this paper analyzes five main factors restricting beneficial development of continental shale oil-“heterogeneity of reservoirs, large buried depth of reservoirs, key technology, management model and specifications and standards”. It reveals the theory of continental shale oil enrichment and the related key exploration and development technology as well as the challenges facing adaptability and economic performance in large-scale application. Based on three areas of technological progress, lean management and policy support, the paper also comes up with 11 countermeasures to improve beneficial development of shale oil, such as enhancing basic theoretical study,focusing research on key technology, studying beneficial productivity model, consolidating geology-engineering-economy integration,strengthening investment management and process management, accelerating digital transition and project management, paying attention to the added value of shale oil development and utilization, and establishing the policy supporting system and the fundraising guarantee system. The large-scale beneficial shale oil development can be promoted on the basis of establishing the characteristic and beneficial development model for continental shale oil.

Key words: continental shale oil; beneficial development; technological progress; machinery innovation; lean management; policy support

摘要： 近年来，我国页岩油勘探开发不断取得新进展，正在成为原油增储上产的重要接替资源。面对页岩油勘探开发“前期投入高、技术难度高、开采成本高”三大特点，美国依托科技进步、市场体系和政府监管的创新与突破实现页岩油商业化开发的经验，对推动我国页岩油规模效益开发具有现实的参考价值。针对我国陆相沉积特点，剖析了制约陆相页岩油效益开发的“储层非均质性、储层埋深、核心技术、管理方式、规范标准”五大因素，揭示了陆相页岩油富集理论和配套的勘探开发关键技术，在推广应用中面临的适应性和经济性挑战，从技术进步、精益管理、政策扶持三方面，提出了加大基础理论研究、加强关键技术针对性攻关、探索效益建产模式、深化地质—工程—经济一体化、加强投资管理和过程管理、推进数字化转型和项目管理、重视页岩油开发利用的附加值、建立政策支撑体系和融资保障体系等提升页岩油开发效益的11 项应对策略。通过构建具有陆相页岩油特色的效益开发模式，推动页岩油规模效益开发。

关键词: 陆相页岩油；效益开发；技术进步；机制创新；精益管理；政策扶持