高温高盐油藏化学驱提高采收率技术发展与思考

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-302x.2021.02.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 我国东部大部分老油田已经进入特高含水开发阶段，进一步提高采收率面临着巨大挑战。国内外技术创新和应用实践证实，依靠化学驱技术能够大幅提高特高含水油田采收率。中国石化拥有的化学驱资源以河流相为主，储层非均质性强，属于高温高盐稠油油藏，开展化学驱难度大。以大幅度提高原油采收率为主线，论述了聚合物驱、无碱二元复合驱和非均相复合驱为主的化学驱油技术发展历程和应用效果。通过持续攻关研究，现已形成系列技术，整体处于世界领先水平。截至2020年底，动用地质储量17.6×108t，年产量达1400×104t，在老油田稳油降本中发挥了重要作用。今后一段时期，化学驱的应用领域将向更高温度、更高矿化度、更高原油黏度的油藏拓展，化学驱地面工程向标准化、模块化、信息化方向发展，降低成本和绿色发展是增强化学驱技术竞争力的必然趋势。

关键词: 化学驱, 聚合物驱, 无碱二元复合驱, 非均相复合驱, 黏弹性颗粒驱油剂

Abstract: Most of the mature oilfields in East China came under the ultra-high water-cut development stage. Further improvement of oil recovery is a stern challenge. Based on the practice from technological innovation and application both inside and outside China, it is confirmed that chemical flooding technology is able to substantially improve EOR of the ultra-high water-cut oilfields. The resources owned by Sinopec for chemical flooding are the high-temperature and high-salinity heavy oil reservoirs which are of the lacustrine facies and high heterogeneity, therefore it is difficult to apply chemical flooding. Focusing on substantial improvement of oil recovery, this paper elaborates the development process and application results of the chemical flooding technology that mainly includes polymer flooding, alkali-free surfactant-polymer flooding and heterogeneous composition flooding. A series of technologies has been developed on the basis of continual scientific research, which leads the world as a whole. The geological reserves of 17.6×108t have been implemented under chemical flooding development by the end of 2020. The annual production reached 1400×108t, showing that the EOR technology plays an important role in cost-effectively keeping production of the mature oilfields stable. Chemical flooding will be extended into the oil reservoirs with a higher temperature, a higher salinity and a higher viscosity in the next period of time. The surface engineering of chemical flooding is developing towards standardization, modulization and informatization. Cost-effectiveness and green development are the inevitable trends for enhancement of chemical flooding technological competitiveness.

中图分类号:

孙焕泉. 高温高盐油藏化学驱提高采收率技术发展与思考[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2021, 40(2): 1-7.

Sun Huanquan. Development and Opinions of Chemical EOR Technology for High-temperature and High-Salinity Reservoirs[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology Forum, 2021, 40(2): 1-7.

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