Abstract: Driven by the goals of the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality strategy and energy security, China’s oil and gas industry faced the urgent demand for green low-carbon transition. As the energy production backbone, the oil and gas industry,which is high both in energy consumption and carbon emission, should solve the structural contradiction between “increase of production and efficiency” and “reduction of carbon emission”. Taking Xinjiang Oilfield as the research target, this article systematically analyzes the five main challenges of “incompatibility” in the process of green oil and gas production transition,namely stability of energy utilization and fluctuation of new energy, heat supply cost and economic performance of substitute technology, consumption and absorption of new energy and peak adjustment of power grid, load characteristics and energy storage functions, and synergistic optimization and regulation capacity.Therefore, Xinjiang Oilfield innovated and constructed a new model of smart energy ecosystem based on “source, grid, load, storage and intelligence.” The oilfield has taken five measures to solve the bottlenecks, such as proximity and stability of power source, synergy of power grid, load flexibility,diversification of energy storage, and regulatory intelligence. The practice shows that the new model has effectively solved the bottleneck for compatibility between oil and gas and new energy and improved new energy permeability and operational flexibility of the system. It provided the replicable technological roadway and practice modal for the oilfields to bring about lowcarbon transition, secure the national energy supply and promote synergistic development of the Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality goals.