全面开放油气矿业权市场的管理与建议

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-302X.2025.01.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 二十届三中全会以来，我国油气市场改革总体目标是构建开放有活力且有序竞争的油气市场，加快国内油气资源勘探开发。当前，低门槛全面开放的油气勘查开采市场，虽有利于各种资本积极进入油气勘探开发领域，但也出现“占而不投”等现象。文章研究对比了伊拉克、巴西等国家在勘探开发资质管理中准入管理、监督管理和延续管理的具体措施；分析了近年国内矿业权改革相关政策实施及勘探开发资质管理现状，当前存在的管理问题主要是对技术水平与经验重视不够，对财务状况评估不够严谨，监督和延续管理不够完善，油气矿业权监管能力较弱。在我国全面开放矿业权市场背景下，加强油气市场管理的对策包括完善资质审查标准、加强动态监管力度、建立矿业权延续管理制度和增强信息透明度等。

关键词: 油气矿业权；资质管理；油气体制改革；市场准入；竞争性出让；出让收益

Abstract: The general goal of China’s oil and gas market reform has been establishment of a deregulated, vigorous and orderly competitive oil and gas market for the purpose to accelerate exploration and development of the domestic oil and gas resources since the Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee. Currently, low-threshold opening of the oil and gas exploration and development market leads to some problems like“ occupying the market without investment,” though the policy encourages various capitals to be actively invested into the oil and gas exploration area. This article studies and compares the concrete measures adopted by Iraq, Brazil and other countries for qualification requirements, regulatory implementation and renewal management in the area of exploration and development. It also analyzes execution of China’s policies related to reform of the mineral rights in recent years and the current conditions of exploration and development qualification requirements. The current problems concerning management come mainly from inadequate emphasis on technological level and experience, lack of cautions in estimation of the financial conditions, imperfect supervision and renewal management, and a relatively undesirable ability to regulate the oil and gas mineral rights. Against the background of opening China’s mineral rights market, the countermeasures for enhancement of oil and gas market management should include perfection of qualification auditing requirements, strengthening efforts for dynamic supervision, establishment of the renewal management system for mineral rights and increase of information transparency.

Key words: oil and gas mineral rights; qualification requirements; reform of oil and gas system market admission; competitive transfer; benefits from transfer

中图分类号:

刘娅昭,胡燕,许华明,田雨露,丛海月. 全面开放油气矿业权市场的管理与建议[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2025, 44(1): 26-31.

Liu Yazhao, Hu Yan, Xu Huaming, Tian Yulu, Cong Haiyue. Management and Suggestions Related to Full Deregulation of Oil and Gas Mineral Rights Market[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology Forum, 2025, 44(1): 26-31.

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