关键词: 氢能；工业脱碳领域；能源转型；发展策略

Abstract: Driven by the global goal of carbon neutrality, hydrogen, as a clean and efficient energy carrier, is becoming a key force in promoting deep decarbonization in the industrial sector. This article focuses on the current application and future development of hydrogen in industrial decarbonization. The technological challenges for hydrogen utilization in some key areas,such as metallurgy, high-temperature industrial furnaces, gas-fired turbines and hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engines,are systematically analyzed. In addition, the carbon reduction potential of hydrogen in the metallurgical industry is analyzed by comparing pros and cons of the two main technological routes--hydrogen-enriched blase furnace iron-making and hydrogenbased direct reduction iron-making. The feasibility and case studies of substituting fossil fuels with hydrogen in hightemperature manufacturing processes like ceramics, cement, and glass is studied. The contributions of hydrogen-fired gas turbines in improving the flexibility of the electric power system and the prospects of hydrogen internal combustion turbines in the heavy-duty machinery and power peak-saving, are elaborated. The study shows that despite the rapid development of the global hydrogen industry and continuous growth in announced investments, ,the large-scale application of hydrogen technology still faces multiple challenges, including high costs, insufficient maturity of core technologies, lagging infrastructure, and an incomplete safety standards system. Therefore, it is recommended to systematically promote the application of hydrogen energy in China’s industrial sector by strengthening key technological exploration, accelerating infrastructure deployment, improving the industrial chain and standards system, and deepening international cooperation to help achieve the“ dual carbon” goals.

Key words: hydrogen energy; industrial decarbonization area; energy transition; development policies