油气行业可再生能源制氢技术进展与前景展望

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-302X.2024.01.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用可再生能源制氢，是油气企业推动能源结构优化升级与深度脱碳的重要途径。油气企业近年通过全产业链技术研究与示范应用，积极推动氢能产业高效益、规模化发展。文章研究对比了碱性电解水制氢（ALK）、质子交换膜制氢（PEM）和固体氧化物电解制氢（SOEC）等技术的优势与挑战，分析了国内外代表性油气公司在制氢产业和项目方面的布局规划。中国石油围绕绿氢产业链与制氢技术链，持续攻关符合自身特色应用场景的可再生能源制氢技术及配套系统，涵盖基础研究到项目示范，在高效率电极催化剂材料、电解槽系统优化、氢电耦合系统、大规模大容量制氢装置、固体氧化物电解制氢技术、太阳能光解水制氢技术等领域取得系列创新成果。结合我国油气企业制氢技术特点、场景特色与项目现状，对未来可再生能源制氢领域发展提出建议和展望。

Abstract: Use of renewable energy for hydrogen production is an important way for oil and gas enterprises to promote energy structural optimization and upgrading as well as in-depth decarbonization. Based on research and demonstrative application of the industrial chain technology, the oil and gas enterprises have actively accelerated high-efficiency development of hydrogen productivity on a large scale in recent years. This article makes comparison of the technological advantages and challenges in the areas of ALK, PEM and SOEC hydrogen production. It also analyzes the distribution plans made by the typical Chinese and foreign oil and gas companies for hydrogen production industry and projects. Focusing on the green hydrogen industrial chain and technological chain, CNPC has consistently studied the renewable energy hydrogen production technology and related system suitable for the company’s own characteristic application scenarios. The efforts covered basic research and demonstrative projects. It has achieved a series of innovative results in high-efficiency electrocatalyst materials, electrolyzer system optimization, hydrogen electric coupling system, large-scale and large-quantity hydrogen production facility, SOEC hydrogen production technology and solar energy photolysis water hydrogen production technology. Combined with the hydrogen production technology of the China’s oil and gas enterprises, this article comes up with the suggestions and outlooks of the renewable energy hydrogen production industrial development in the future.

余晖迪, 张琳, 赵永明, 李轶衡, 张茜, 刘晓丹, 张辰君, 王晓琦. 油气行业可再生能源制氢技术进展与前景展望[J]. 石油科技论坛, 2024, 43(1): 40-49.

Yu Huidi, Zhang Lin, Zhao Yongming, Li Yiheng, Zhang Xi, Liu Xiaodan, Zhang Chenjun, Wang Xiaoqi. Development and Prospect of Renewable Energy Hydrogen Production Technology in Oil and Gas Industry[J]. Petroleum Science and Technology Forum, 2024, 43(1): 40-49.

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