关键词: 氨能；氨合成；氨储运；氢载体；绿氨；燃料电池；产业发展

Abstract: Ammonia energy is a kind of clean energy that can be used as an important part to supplement China’s future clean and low-carbon energy system. This paper elaborates the present conditions of the ammonia energy industrial development both inside and outside China in three areas of ammonia synthesis, ammonia storage and transportation, and utilization of ammonia energy. It also makes analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of ammonia energy utilization. Ammonia has the potential for being used as substitute fuel for engines. It is a good fuel for fuel battery and a high-effective and safe carrier for hydrogen. However, ammonia fuel has some disadvantages, such as undesirable burning character, likeliness of pollution and safety issues. Based on the technological and economic feasibility study of ammonia energy utilization, green ammonia synthesis technology has a high maturity but the economic feasibility is not satisfactory. The ammonia storage and transportation technology is also mature while the infrastructure is perfect. The use of ammonia as hydrogen carrier is increasingly mature with a great potential for development. China’s ammonia energy development faces a number of problems, such as high carbon emission from synthetic ammonia, unsatisfactory maturity of large-scale and cost-effective synthesis technology for green ammonia, and shortage of the structuring mechanism and support of standards for ammonia energy utilization. It is proposed to strengthen the R&D efforts for the key and core technology, scientifically distribute the full ammonia energy industrial chains, and improve the ammonia energy development and utilization level and the technological innovation capacity.

Key words: ammonia energy, ammonia synthesis, ammonia storage and transportation, hydrogen carrier, green ammonia, fuel battery, industrial development